<p>In the past decade, numerous kinds of heavy metals have been discharged into water and soil environment, which are contaminants with high toxicity to both human beings and environment ecosystem. Biochar has been attracted wide attention due to its advantages of wide sources, large specific surface area and low cost, while biochar immobilized microorganisms also has been widely used to eliminate heavy metals from water and soil. To date, many studies about performance of biochar immobilized microorganism have been reported, but few studies had focused on the reaction mechanism of biochar immobilized microorganism for heavy metals remediation in water and soil. Thus, the recent advances toward the application of biochar-immobilized microorganism in the remediation of heavy metals from water and soil were systematacially summarized in this study, including the influence factors and reaction mechanism of biochar immobilized microorganism. Based on the above overview, the next study on biochar-immobilized microorganism has been prospected. This study could provide theoretical and technical support for biochar immobilized microorganisms in the remediation of heavy metal polluted water and soil.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>