Bioremediation of Azo Yellow Dye Degradation – An Efficient and Sustainable Approach

Ecosystems are impacted both directly and indirectly by the tanning industry's higher-than-average emission of harmful effluent. Plants, animals, and humans all suffer greatly from the contaminants in tannery wastewater. Therefore, the study focuses on separating novel organisms from chromium-containing wastewater by examining the screening results, which show that the novel organisms have degraded 96% of the synthetic azo-yellow dye. Novel bacterium that degrades and removes toxic organic and inorganic compounds, and synthetic azo yellow color. Several factors influencing the high percentage of degradation including temperature (36 °C), pH (7), inoculum concentration (10%), and duration (60^th hours), are optimized for the breakdown of synthetic azo yellow dye. The degradation profile where C-N stretching nitrile and C = O stretching anhydride were absent, confirmed by instrumental analysis. Novel organisms can remove, synthetic azo-yellow dye, and toxic organic and inorganic substances. Consequently, process characterization, optimization, and modelling are done using advanced statistical design. Briefly covered were the foundations of RSM and how it is used in the biological treatment of wastewater. The different RSM-based prediction and optimization works are listed. The goal of the research is to completely degrade tannery effluent and zero sludge disposable, and this is oriented on practical applications at larger scale technologies and for irrigation purposes.