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<p>Sponge city is a green development concept in the field of urban stormwater and flood management. It refers to a city with high resilience like sponge, adapting to environmental changes and natural disasters induced by stormwater. The construction of sponge cities helps alleviate urban flooding, reduce runoff pollution and enhance rainwater utilization. Currently, the volume capture ratio of annual rainfall (VCRAR) is a key regulation indicator for planning, design, and management of sponge facilities. However, the current calculation method of VCRAR in China less considers the actual physical processes. In this context, a new VCRAR calculation method was proposed considering the functional recovery time of sponge facilities, maximum capacity of sponge facilities and rainfall intensity. It was compared with the current method of China based on a case study. Results show that: (1) The current method overestimates 15.52% to 18.84% of VCRAR compared to the proposed method on average. (2) When the maximum capacity of sponge facility is 20&#xa0;mm, VCRAR decreases from 91.15% to 44.31% as the recovery time increases from 1&#xa0;h to 7 days. This indicates that the recovery time is an important factor affecting VCRAR. (3) When the recovery time is 3&#xa0;h, VCRAR increases from 52.27% to 90.98% as the maximum capacity increases from 5&#xa0;mm to 30&#xa0;mm. This mirrors that the maximum capacity is another important factor affecting VCRAR. (4) When recovery time is one day and the maximum capacity is 30&#xa0;mm, VCRAR increased from 67.06% to 78.27% as design rainfall intensity increases from 0.2&#xa0;mm/min to 1.5&#xa0;mm/min. This indicates that the rainfall intensity is another key factor influencing VCRAR. (5) The proposed method can improve VCRAR calculation accuracy than the current method used in China.</p>

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A New Method for Calculating the Volume Capture Ratio of Annual Rainfall (VCRAR) of the Sponge City

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月6日

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  • Xingpo Liu,
  • Yiwen Hu,
  • Yingyi Zhang,
  • Yiyi Liu

摘要

Sponge city is a green development concept in the field of urban stormwater and flood management. It refers to a city with high resilience like sponge, adapting to environmental changes and natural disasters induced by stormwater. The construction of sponge cities helps alleviate urban flooding, reduce runoff pollution and enhance rainwater utilization. Currently, the volume capture ratio of annual rainfall (VCRAR) is a key regulation indicator for planning, design, and management of sponge facilities. However, the current calculation method of VCRAR in China less considers the actual physical processes. In this context, a new VCRAR calculation method was proposed considering the functional recovery time of sponge facilities, maximum capacity of sponge facilities and rainfall intensity. It was compared with the current method of China based on a case study. Results show that: (1) The current method overestimates 15.52% to 18.84% of VCRAR compared to the proposed method on average. (2) When the maximum capacity of sponge facility is 20 mm, VCRAR decreases from 91.15% to 44.31% as the recovery time increases from 1 h to 7 days. This indicates that the recovery time is an important factor affecting VCRAR. (3) When the recovery time is 3 h, VCRAR increases from 52.27% to 90.98% as the maximum capacity increases from 5 mm to 30 mm. This mirrors that the maximum capacity is another important factor affecting VCRAR. (4) When recovery time is one day and the maximum capacity is 30 mm, VCRAR increased from 67.06% to 78.27% as design rainfall intensity increases from 0.2 mm/min to 1.5 mm/min. This indicates that the rainfall intensity is another key factor influencing VCRAR. (5) The proposed method can improve VCRAR calculation accuracy than the current method used in China.