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<p>Urban flooding frequently co-occurs with river flooding. In such events, rising river water levels may inhibit the drainage capacity of drainage systems, thereby exacerbating the risk of urban flooding. This study proposes a dynamic coupling framework that connects a one-dimensional drainage model based on SWMM with a TELEMAC-2D river model through time-varying boundary conditions, enabling a quantitative analysis of the impact of dynamic river water levels on urban drainage performance. Using the Beijing Urban Sub-centre as a case study, simulations were conducted under different rainfall and river flood scenarios. Results indicate a significant dependency between drainage capacity and outlet boundary submergence levels. Under free-flow conditions, drainage capacity remains unaffected; however, when river water levels exceed one to two times the diameter of the outlet, drainage capacity rapidly declines, potentially leading to backflow. A flow coefficient function was developed to characterise this nonlinear relationship. The study results provide a theoretical and practical basis for enhancing urban flood resilience, particularly for regions facing complex flood risks.</p>

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Quantifying the Impact of River Levels on Urban Drainage Capacity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月6日

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  • Haijia Zhang,
  • Jiahong Liu,
  • Chao Mei,
  • Jia Wang,
  • Tianxu Song

摘要

Urban flooding frequently co-occurs with river flooding. In such events, rising river water levels may inhibit the drainage capacity of drainage systems, thereby exacerbating the risk of urban flooding. This study proposes a dynamic coupling framework that connects a one-dimensional drainage model based on SWMM with a TELEMAC-2D river model through time-varying boundary conditions, enabling a quantitative analysis of the impact of dynamic river water levels on urban drainage performance. Using the Beijing Urban Sub-centre as a case study, simulations were conducted under different rainfall and river flood scenarios. Results indicate a significant dependency between drainage capacity and outlet boundary submergence levels. Under free-flow conditions, drainage capacity remains unaffected; however, when river water levels exceed one to two times the diameter of the outlet, drainage capacity rapidly declines, potentially leading to backflow. A flow coefficient function was developed to characterise this nonlinear relationship. The study results provide a theoretical and practical basis for enhancing urban flood resilience, particularly for regions facing complex flood risks.