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<p>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with the microalgae <i>Nannochloropsis oculata</i> and <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i>, either separately or in combination, on growth performance, lipid profile, haematoimmunological parameters, and resistance to <i>Edwardsiella tarda</i> infection in Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>). A total of 960 juvenile Nile tilapia (2.87 ± 0.68&#xa0;g and 5.65 ± 0.16&#xa0;cm) were allocated to 24 experimental units (<i>n</i> = 40) and fed six experimental diets for 60 days: DC<sub>0%</sub> (no microalgae inclusion), DN<sub>0.5%</sub> (0.5% <i>N. oculata</i>), DN<sub>1%</sub> (1% <i>N. oculata</i>), DP<sub>0.5%</sub> (0.5% <i>P. tricornutum</i>), DP<sub>1%</sub> (1% <i>P. tricornutum</i>), and DPN<sub>1%</sub> (0.5% <i>N. oculata</i> + 0.5% <i>P. tricornutum</i>). After the feeding period, fish were challenged with <i>E. tarda</i> (2 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹). Microalgal inclusion increased significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) dietary contents of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and antioxidant potential of diets without affecting fish growth. The DP<sub>1%</sub> and DPN<sub>1%</sub> diets increased significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid levels and reduced monounsaturated fatty acids and ∑saturated fatty acids in muscle, thereby improving the lipid profile and flesh quality. Following infection, reductions in erythrocytic parameters were observed, along with increases in lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil, neutrophil, and thrombocyte counts, as well as higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) agglutination and antimicrobial titres, total plasma protein, and immunoglobulin levels in the DP<sub>1%</sub> and DPN<sub>1%</sub> groups. Survival was higher in the microalgae-supplemented groups, particularly in DPN<sub>1%</sub> (91.67 ± 1.8%) compared with the control (65.0 ± 2.0%). Supplementation with DP<sub>1%</sub> and DPN<sub>1%</sub> improved haematoimmunological responses, lipid composition, and resistance to <i>E. tarda</i> in Nile tilapia.</p>

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Supplementing the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata and Phaeodactylum tricornutum enhanced immune function, lipid profile, and resistance to Edwardsiella tarda infection

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月18日

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  • Domickson Silva Costa,
  • Jucimauro de Araújo Pereira Júnior,
  • Paola Capistrano dos Santos,
  • Maria Clara Miguel Libanori,
  • Gracienhe Gomes dos Santos,
  • Ana Paula de Souza,
  • Alexandre Vaz da Silva,
  • Cláudia Andrea Lima Cardoso,
  • Arlene Sobrinho Ventura,
  • Aline Brum Figueredo Ruschel,
  • Rafael Sales,
  • Fábio de Farias Neves,
  • Marco Shizuo Owatari,
  • Maurício Laterça Martins,
  • Scheila Anelise Pereira Dutra,
  • Cláudio Manoel Rodrigues de Melo

摘要

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with the microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata and Phaeodactylum tricornutum, either separately or in combination, on growth performance, lipid profile, haematoimmunological parameters, and resistance to Edwardsiella tarda infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A total of 960 juvenile Nile tilapia (2.87 ± 0.68 g and 5.65 ± 0.16 cm) were allocated to 24 experimental units (n = 40) and fed six experimental diets for 60 days: DC0% (no microalgae inclusion), DN0.5% (0.5% N. oculata), DN1% (1% N. oculata), DP0.5% (0.5% P. tricornutum), DP1% (1% P. tricornutum), and DPN1% (0.5% N. oculata + 0.5% P. tricornutum). After the feeding period, fish were challenged with E. tarda (2 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹). Microalgal inclusion increased significantly (p < 0.05) dietary contents of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and antioxidant potential of diets without affecting fish growth. The DP1% and DPN1% diets increased significantly (p < 0.05) eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid levels and reduced monounsaturated fatty acids and ∑saturated fatty acids in muscle, thereby improving the lipid profile and flesh quality. Following infection, reductions in erythrocytic parameters were observed, along with increases in lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil, neutrophil, and thrombocyte counts, as well as higher (p < 0.05) agglutination and antimicrobial titres, total plasma protein, and immunoglobulin levels in the DP1% and DPN1% groups. Survival was higher in the microalgae-supplemented groups, particularly in DPN1% (91.67 ± 1.8%) compared with the control (65.0 ± 2.0%). Supplementation with DP1% and DPN1% improved haematoimmunological responses, lipid composition, and resistance to E. tarda in Nile tilapia.