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<p>The increasing prevalence of diseases in aquaculture systems has led to an increased use of veterinary medicinal products, but their pathophysiological effects on fish remain poorly understood. The current study assessed the effects of dietary administration of the antiparasitic drug lufenuron (LN) at the recommended dose (5&#xa0;mg) and overdose (12.5&#xa0;mg/kg biomass/day) for seven consecutive days on the safety, residue distribution, and biological responses of Nile tilapia <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> juveniles. The LN caused a dose-dependent decrease in feed intake, survival, and biomass. Plasma biochemical analyses revealed an elevation in glucose, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase levels, and a decrease in calcium, chloride, and acetylcholinesterase in LN-fed <i>O. niloticus</i>. Haematological deviations, and erythrocyte cellular and nuclear alterations, such as vacuolation, crenation, irregularly shaped, teardrop-like cells, micronucleus, and blebbed and notched nuclei, were observed. Oxidative stress biomarkers, including malondialdehyde, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, and total nitric oxide, increased, while glutathione-S-transferase and catalase levels decreased during administration. Nonetheless, these changes were reversible after stopping the dose. The liver was more susceptible to LN, as indicated by the integrated biomarker response assessment. Residue peaks occurred on day 7 of administration in plasma, muscle + skin, liver, and kidney. Following dose suspension, residues declined in both groups but remained detectable until day 35 post-dosing. The withdrawal period for LN in <i>O. niloticus</i> was estimated to be 2 days, considering a maximum residue limit of 1350&#xa0;µg/kg. Despite short-term adverse effects, dietary administration of LN appears safe for <i>O. niloticus</i> juveniles at the recommended dose.</p>

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Assessment of risks associated with dietary administration of antiparasitic drug lufenuron in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus by integrated biomarker response

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Arpan Ghorai,
  • Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham,
  • Arya Sen,
  • Ratnapriya Das,
  • Priyanka Sinha,
  • Ranjit Kumar Nadella,
  • Niladri Sekhar Chatterjee,
  • Prasanna Kumar Patil

摘要

The increasing prevalence of diseases in aquaculture systems has led to an increased use of veterinary medicinal products, but their pathophysiological effects on fish remain poorly understood. The current study assessed the effects of dietary administration of the antiparasitic drug lufenuron (LN) at the recommended dose (5 mg) and overdose (12.5 mg/kg biomass/day) for seven consecutive days on the safety, residue distribution, and biological responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. The LN caused a dose-dependent decrease in feed intake, survival, and biomass. Plasma biochemical analyses revealed an elevation in glucose, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase levels, and a decrease in calcium, chloride, and acetylcholinesterase in LN-fed O. niloticus. Haematological deviations, and erythrocyte cellular and nuclear alterations, such as vacuolation, crenation, irregularly shaped, teardrop-like cells, micronucleus, and blebbed and notched nuclei, were observed. Oxidative stress biomarkers, including malondialdehyde, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, and total nitric oxide, increased, while glutathione-S-transferase and catalase levels decreased during administration. Nonetheless, these changes were reversible after stopping the dose. The liver was more susceptible to LN, as indicated by the integrated biomarker response assessment. Residue peaks occurred on day 7 of administration in plasma, muscle + skin, liver, and kidney. Following dose suspension, residues declined in both groups but remained detectable until day 35 post-dosing. The withdrawal period for LN in O. niloticus was estimated to be 2 days, considering a maximum residue limit of 1350 µg/kg. Despite short-term adverse effects, dietary administration of LN appears safe for O. niloticus juveniles at the recommended dose.