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<p>Larch forests are a dominant tree species in boreal forests and play a central role in maintaining forest ecological functions and regulating carbon sinks. However, the mechanisms driving the formation and accumulation of aboveground biomass (AGB) remain poorly understood. We evaluated the spatial distribution and determining factor of AGB in four typical larch forests (<i>Larix olgensis</i>, <i>Larix gmelinii</i>, <i>Larix sibirica</i>, and <i>Larix principis-rupprechtii</i>) in China. A structural equation model (SEM) was applied to assess the effect of environmental variables (climate, topography, and soil) and human activity variables on AGB. The findings showed that AGB was highest in the <i>L. sibirica</i> forest (126.37 Mg ha<sup>− 1</sup>) and lowest in the <i>L. gmelinii</i> forest (74.56 Mg ha<sup>− 1</sup>). Notably, the dominant drivers of AGB differed among different larch forests. The primary drivers of AGB varied across different larch forests. Specifically, AGB accumulation showed significant positive correlations with larger diurnal temperature range in <i>L.gmelinii</i> forest, smaller annual temperature range in <i>L. principis-rupprechtii</i> forest, lower mean annual temperature in <i>L. olgensis</i> forest, and steeper slopes in <i>L. sibirica</i> forests. In addition, soil exerted a relatively weak positive effect on AGB, whereas human activity exhibited a more pronounced inhibitory effect. Our results provided a useful new perspective for assessing the effects of multiple factors on the AGB, which will further support the management, sustainable development, and response of larch forests to global change.</p>

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Climate and topography drive aboveground biomass in larch forests

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月19日

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  • Xiaona Xu,
  • Huayong Zhang,
  • Zhongyu Wang,
  • Shuaishuai Ma,
  • Zhao Liu

摘要

Larch forests are a dominant tree species in boreal forests and play a central role in maintaining forest ecological functions and regulating carbon sinks. However, the mechanisms driving the formation and accumulation of aboveground biomass (AGB) remain poorly understood. We evaluated the spatial distribution and determining factor of AGB in four typical larch forests (Larix olgensis, Larix gmelinii, Larix sibirica, and Larix principis-rupprechtii) in China. A structural equation model (SEM) was applied to assess the effect of environmental variables (climate, topography, and soil) and human activity variables on AGB. The findings showed that AGB was highest in the L. sibirica forest (126.37 Mg ha− 1) and lowest in the L. gmelinii forest (74.56 Mg ha− 1). Notably, the dominant drivers of AGB differed among different larch forests. The primary drivers of AGB varied across different larch forests. Specifically, AGB accumulation showed significant positive correlations with larger diurnal temperature range in L.gmelinii forest, smaller annual temperature range in L. principis-rupprechtii forest, lower mean annual temperature in L. olgensis forest, and steeper slopes in L. sibirica forests. In addition, soil exerted a relatively weak positive effect on AGB, whereas human activity exhibited a more pronounced inhibitory effect. Our results provided a useful new perspective for assessing the effects of multiple factors on the AGB, which will further support the management, sustainable development, and response of larch forests to global change.