<p>Urbanization rapidly transforms landscapes, altering biodiversity patterns and ecosystem processes, particularly within urban green spaces. The overall objective of this study is to compare the structure of ground-dwelling invertebrates across four urban gardens in Zagreb, Croatia, managed using different parcel management practices, specifically differing in parcel enclosure type: open/unfenced parcels (O), parcels protected by living material such as hedges or flowerbeds (P), parcels enclosed with urban construction materials (U), and uncultivated control areas (X). Additionally, the impact of environmental conditions on ground-dwelling invertebrates was assessed, and the potential of selected taxa as bioindicators was identified. Parcels protected by living material (P) supported significantly higher number of individuals and exhibited the highest diversity among parcel types compared to open/unfenced parcels (O). Environmental conditions significantly influenced invertebrate abundance, increasing with higher soil buffering capacity and decreasing with higher temperature and humus content. Across parcel types, soil pH and organic matter were the main drivers of community composition, while management practices had no independent effect. Indicator species analysis identified five significant indicator families – gastropod families Agriolimacidae and Hygromiidae, coleopteran family Carabidae, and isopod families Armadillidiidae and Trachelipodidae – associated with specific urban gardens, reflecting garden-level differentiation in community composition. In contrast, no indicator families were detected for parcel types, indicating a lack of distinct taxon associations with management practices. This study highlights complex interactions between environmental conditions, parcel management practices, and invertebrate communities, showing that urban gardens support biodiversity, while management practices mainly influence community composition indirectly through environmental conditions.</p>