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<p>Social wasps in urban environments pose significant public health and management challenges due to human–wasp conflicts, such as nest removal operations and sting incidents. This study evaluated patterns of social wasp diversity, conflict distribution, and management effectiveness in Seoul, South Korea, by integrating 73,277 wasp nest removal operations from 2017 to 2024 with ecological surveys of 1,628 individuals representing 12 species collected during 2023–2024. Nest removal operations increased from 6,769 cases in 2017 to 16,618 in 2024. Conflicts were concentrated in districts adjacent to mountainous areas, identifying the urban–forest interface as a critical interaction zone. At the district level, green space proportion was positively correlated with per capita removal operations and species diversity. The invasive hornet <i>Vespa velutina nigrithorax</i> dominated highly urbanized environments, accounting for 70% of individuals in areas with &lt; 20% green space proportion, whereas native species diversity increased with green space proportion. Consecutive-year analyses revealed a strong positive relationship between prior- and subsequent-year removal intensity, consistent with potential hydra-like dynamics. These patterns suggest that reactive nest removal alone may not effectively reduce long-term conflict levels. Integrated management strategies emphasizing early detection, targeted intervention at urban–forest interfaces, and public education are needed to support sustainable coexistence.</p>

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Diversity of social wasps and recent trends in human–wasp conflicts in Seoul, South Korea: Implications for urban pest management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Hyeonsuk An,
  • Jaehee Kim,
  • Ji Hyoun Kang,
  • Ohseok Kwon,
  • Moon Bo Choi

摘要

Social wasps in urban environments pose significant public health and management challenges due to human–wasp conflicts, such as nest removal operations and sting incidents. This study evaluated patterns of social wasp diversity, conflict distribution, and management effectiveness in Seoul, South Korea, by integrating 73,277 wasp nest removal operations from 2017 to 2024 with ecological surveys of 1,628 individuals representing 12 species collected during 2023–2024. Nest removal operations increased from 6,769 cases in 2017 to 16,618 in 2024. Conflicts were concentrated in districts adjacent to mountainous areas, identifying the urban–forest interface as a critical interaction zone. At the district level, green space proportion was positively correlated with per capita removal operations and species diversity. The invasive hornet Vespa velutina nigrithorax dominated highly urbanized environments, accounting for 70% of individuals in areas with < 20% green space proportion, whereas native species diversity increased with green space proportion. Consecutive-year analyses revealed a strong positive relationship between prior- and subsequent-year removal intensity, consistent with potential hydra-like dynamics. These patterns suggest that reactive nest removal alone may not effectively reduce long-term conflict levels. Integrated management strategies emphasizing early detection, targeted intervention at urban–forest interfaces, and public education are needed to support sustainable coexistence.