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<p>This study assesses the efficiency of eight dominant roadside tree species across different strata for heavy metal (HM) bioaccumulation, foliar dust retention, and their impact on photosynthetic pigments during pre- and post-monsoon seasons in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Tree species, particularly metal hyperaccumulators, serve as sustainable vegetative barriers by mitigating atmospheric and soil-based pollution. <i>Mangifera indica</i> exhibited the highest total chlorophyll content (TCC) (0.92–2.10&#xa0;mg/g), while <i>Psidium guajava</i> recorded the lowest (1.57–2.49&#xa0;mg/g). Elemental analysis indicated elevated Pb, Cu, Cr, and Zn concentrations likely associated with vehicular emissions and nearby industrial activities based on spatial distribution and recent studies. Soil contamination was evaluated using geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and contamination factor (CF), which indicated moderate to severe Cd contamination. The transfer coefficient (TC), defined as the ratio of metal concentration in foliage to that in soil, revealed the highest Zn mobility, highlighting its effective translocation to plant tissues. <i>Ficus benghalensis</i> showed the highest foliar dust load, while <i>Dalbergia sissoo</i> had the lowest. Stratified analysis indicated higher HM accumulation in the lower and middle strata of large trees, and in the lower and upper strata of small trees. <i>P. guajava</i> and <i>M. indica</i> were effective bioindicators for Cu, and <i>D. sissoo</i> for Zn. Pearson correlation showed a significant negative correlation (C-ve) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) between TCC and HM concentrations, suggesting phytotoxic impacts. Two-way ANOVA (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) confirmed significant HM variation among strata. These findings highlight the role of stratified roadside vegetation in pollution abatement and ecological restoration.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Assessment of heavy metal contamination in roadside soil and its uptake by selected tree species in urban and semi-urban regions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月16日

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  • Akshay Kumar Singh,
  • Jatin Kumar Choudhary,
  • Sushil Kumar Shukla

摘要

This study assesses the efficiency of eight dominant roadside tree species across different strata for heavy metal (HM) bioaccumulation, foliar dust retention, and their impact on photosynthetic pigments during pre- and post-monsoon seasons in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Tree species, particularly metal hyperaccumulators, serve as sustainable vegetative barriers by mitigating atmospheric and soil-based pollution. Mangifera indica exhibited the highest total chlorophyll content (TCC) (0.92–2.10 mg/g), while Psidium guajava recorded the lowest (1.57–2.49 mg/g). Elemental analysis indicated elevated Pb, Cu, Cr, and Zn concentrations likely associated with vehicular emissions and nearby industrial activities based on spatial distribution and recent studies. Soil contamination was evaluated using geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and contamination factor (CF), which indicated moderate to severe Cd contamination. The transfer coefficient (TC), defined as the ratio of metal concentration in foliage to that in soil, revealed the highest Zn mobility, highlighting its effective translocation to plant tissues. Ficus benghalensis showed the highest foliar dust load, while Dalbergia sissoo had the lowest. Stratified analysis indicated higher HM accumulation in the lower and middle strata of large trees, and in the lower and upper strata of small trees. P. guajava and M. indica were effective bioindicators for Cu, and D. sissoo for Zn. Pearson correlation showed a significant negative correlation (C-ve) (p < 0.05) between TCC and HM concentrations, suggesting phytotoxic impacts. Two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) confirmed significant HM variation among strata. These findings highlight the role of stratified roadside vegetation in pollution abatement and ecological restoration.

Graphical abstract