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<p>Green spaces are vital for the urban ecosystem, providing urban residents with diverse ecosystem services. However, the heterogeneity in spatial locations and landscape configurations caused the variousness of ecosystem services quality of green spaces. Previous studies mainly examined the spatial equity of ecosystem services based on quantitative factors like distance and scale. However, the quality equity of ecosystem services of green space remains unclear. We studied 226 urban park green spaces(UPGS) in Hangzhou and constructed the Ecosystem Service Quality Index (ESQI) to evaluate regional equity and analyze driving factors by the <i>Gini</i> coefficient and Lorenz curve. Results showed that (1) 77.43% of urban parks had moderately low ESQIs (0.100–0.230), with spatially heterogeneous distribution. (2) There was a high degree of spatial unfairness regarding the park area, the number of points of interest of service facilities, the proportion of water bodies, the effective grid area, the number of patches, and the total edge length. (3) Heterogeneity in the spatial distribution and internal landscape patterns of UPGSs caused significant spatial unfairness in ecosystem service quality. (4) The main driving factors influencing the ecosystem services quality consisted of natural factors(green cover and impervious cover) and location factors(Park Cooling Index). The quantitative characteristics of urban green space cannot reflect the level of ecosystem service quality. Urban ecological construction should not simply focus on increasing the quantity of UPGSs, but rather it is more crucial to improve the quality of ecosystem services provided by UPGSs.</p>

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The quality inequity of the ecosystem services delivered by green spaces: evidence from 226 Urban Parks in Hangzhou, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月30日

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  • Jiajun Huang,
  • Qinghai Guo,
  • Gang Lian

摘要

Green spaces are vital for the urban ecosystem, providing urban residents with diverse ecosystem services. However, the heterogeneity in spatial locations and landscape configurations caused the variousness of ecosystem services quality of green spaces. Previous studies mainly examined the spatial equity of ecosystem services based on quantitative factors like distance and scale. However, the quality equity of ecosystem services of green space remains unclear. We studied 226 urban park green spaces(UPGS) in Hangzhou and constructed the Ecosystem Service Quality Index (ESQI) to evaluate regional equity and analyze driving factors by the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve. Results showed that (1) 77.43% of urban parks had moderately low ESQIs (0.100–0.230), with spatially heterogeneous distribution. (2) There was a high degree of spatial unfairness regarding the park area, the number of points of interest of service facilities, the proportion of water bodies, the effective grid area, the number of patches, and the total edge length. (3) Heterogeneity in the spatial distribution and internal landscape patterns of UPGSs caused significant spatial unfairness in ecosystem service quality. (4) The main driving factors influencing the ecosystem services quality consisted of natural factors(green cover and impervious cover) and location factors(Park Cooling Index). The quantitative characteristics of urban green space cannot reflect the level of ecosystem service quality. Urban ecological construction should not simply focus on increasing the quantity of UPGSs, but rather it is more crucial to improve the quality of ecosystem services provided by UPGSs.