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<p>Camels are essential animals for the livelihoods of pastoralists residing in arid and semi-arid regions, yet they remain poorly studied and often neglected compared to other livestock species. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 in the Fafen zone of the Somali Regional State, Ethiopia, to assess reproductive health problems in female camels. The study involved interviews with 120 respondents from four districts and bacteriological analysis of 70 reproductive organs showing lesions collected from abattoirs. Additionally, 148 female camels slaughtered at Jigjiga municipality abattoir were examined postmortem for pregnancy loss. The survey identified common reproductive issues such as abortion, repeated failure to conceive, mastitis, uterine/vaginal prolapse, uterine infections, retained placenta, delayed sexual activity, prolonged postpartum estrus, dystocia, and stillbirth. Significant differences in reproductive health problems were observed across districts (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Among the 148 camels, 20 (13.5%) were pregnant at the time of slaughter, with fetuses at various stages of development. Bacteriological analysis revealed that all sampled reproductive organs harbored at least two different bacterial species. The most prevalent bacteria included Escherichia coli (62.9%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (57.1%), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (42.9%), <i>Streptococcus spp.</i> (25.7%), <i>Salmonella spp</i>. (17.1%), <i>Proteus spp</i>. (11.4%), and <i>Shigella spp</i>. (8.6%). To enhance camel productivity, improvements in healthcare, nutrition, and strict ante-mortem inspection protocols are essential. Further research involving larger samples and broader scope is necessary to better understand camel reproductive diseases and support the pastoral communities dependent on camels for their livelihood and the national economy.</p>

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Reproductive health problems of female camel: bacterial isolation, fetal wastage and reproductive parameters assessment in Fafan zone pastoral areas of Somali Region, Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Shaban Mohamed Abdi,
  • Hassan Abdi Hussein

摘要

Camels are essential animals for the livelihoods of pastoralists residing in arid and semi-arid regions, yet they remain poorly studied and often neglected compared to other livestock species. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 in the Fafen zone of the Somali Regional State, Ethiopia, to assess reproductive health problems in female camels. The study involved interviews with 120 respondents from four districts and bacteriological analysis of 70 reproductive organs showing lesions collected from abattoirs. Additionally, 148 female camels slaughtered at Jigjiga municipality abattoir were examined postmortem for pregnancy loss. The survey identified common reproductive issues such as abortion, repeated failure to conceive, mastitis, uterine/vaginal prolapse, uterine infections, retained placenta, delayed sexual activity, prolonged postpartum estrus, dystocia, and stillbirth. Significant differences in reproductive health problems were observed across districts (P < 0.05). Among the 148 camels, 20 (13.5%) were pregnant at the time of slaughter, with fetuses at various stages of development. Bacteriological analysis revealed that all sampled reproductive organs harbored at least two different bacterial species. The most prevalent bacteria included Escherichia coli (62.9%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (57.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (42.9%), Streptococcus spp. (25.7%), Salmonella spp. (17.1%), Proteus spp. (11.4%), and Shigella spp. (8.6%). To enhance camel productivity, improvements in healthcare, nutrition, and strict ante-mortem inspection protocols are essential. Further research involving larger samples and broader scope is necessary to better understand camel reproductive diseases and support the pastoral communities dependent on camels for their livelihood and the national economy.