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<p>Pregnancy rates in cattle have shown a declining trend over recent years, possibly due to various factors, including reduced sperm quality. Breeding centres require a reliable method to distinguish high-fertility bulls based on sperm quality. This study aimed to examine sperm parameters in bulls of known fertility, with the objective of determining whether sperm parameters linked to fertility vary across breeds. Frozen semen from breeding bulls (<i>n</i> = 106) of known fertility (Holstein Friesian crossbred, <i>n</i> = 20; Jersey crossbred, <i>n</i> = 40; Karan Fries, <i>n</i> = 12; Sahiwal, <i>n</i> = 16; Kankrej, <i>n</i> = 18) were thawed and sperm samples were analysed for kinematic parameters (computer assisted sperm analysis), plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular calcium, mitochondrial ROS, protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PTP) and DNA fragmentation index (DFI%). Multivariate data analysis (Principal component analysis, multiple linear regression, step wise regression) was performed to identify sperm parameter related to fertility. Pearson bivariate correlations were made on the parameters of interest. Breed of bull significantly affected the relationship between sperm parameters and bull fertility. Principal component analysis biplot revealed that fertility related sperm parameters of indigenous cattle and crossbred cattle tended to cluster distinctly. In Holstein Friesian crossbred bulls, the model consisting of moribund, MMP, live Ca negative and PTP positive spermatozoa predicted bull fertility with an accuracy of 91%. In Jersey crossbred bulls, DFI(%) and MMP alone could explain 61% variations in the bull fertility. In Sahiwal bulls, live Ca negative, linearity, DFI(%) and ALH were able to explain 89% variations in bull fertility. In Karan Fries, PTP positive, DFI(%) and progressive motility explained a total of 86% variations in bull fertility. In case of Kankrej bulls, live Ca negative and ROS positive spermatozoa explained 41% variation in bull fertility. In conclusion, sperm parameters explaining the variability in bull fertility differ among breeds, and the breed specific fertility prediction models developed in the study have the potential to discriminate above- from below-average fertility bulls.</p>

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Identification of sperm parameters linked to fertility and development of fertility prediction models for zebu (Bos indicus) and crossbred (Bos taurus X Bos indicus) cattle bulls

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月18日

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  • Kishan Kumar Fataniya,
  • Arumugam Kumaresan,
  • Anand Kumar Yadav,
  • John Peter Ebenezer Samuel King,
  • Muniandy Sivaram,
  • Thirumala Rao Talluri,
  • Ayyasamy Manimaran,
  • Gowdar Veerappa Vedamurthy,
  • Sakthivel Jeyakumar,
  • Sakshi Payasi

摘要

Pregnancy rates in cattle have shown a declining trend over recent years, possibly due to various factors, including reduced sperm quality. Breeding centres require a reliable method to distinguish high-fertility bulls based on sperm quality. This study aimed to examine sperm parameters in bulls of known fertility, with the objective of determining whether sperm parameters linked to fertility vary across breeds. Frozen semen from breeding bulls (n = 106) of known fertility (Holstein Friesian crossbred, n = 20; Jersey crossbred, n = 40; Karan Fries, n = 12; Sahiwal, n = 16; Kankrej, n = 18) were thawed and sperm samples were analysed for kinematic parameters (computer assisted sperm analysis), plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular calcium, mitochondrial ROS, protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PTP) and DNA fragmentation index (DFI%). Multivariate data analysis (Principal component analysis, multiple linear regression, step wise regression) was performed to identify sperm parameter related to fertility. Pearson bivariate correlations were made on the parameters of interest. Breed of bull significantly affected the relationship between sperm parameters and bull fertility. Principal component analysis biplot revealed that fertility related sperm parameters of indigenous cattle and crossbred cattle tended to cluster distinctly. In Holstein Friesian crossbred bulls, the model consisting of moribund, MMP, live Ca negative and PTP positive spermatozoa predicted bull fertility with an accuracy of 91%. In Jersey crossbred bulls, DFI(%) and MMP alone could explain 61% variations in the bull fertility. In Sahiwal bulls, live Ca negative, linearity, DFI(%) and ALH were able to explain 89% variations in bull fertility. In Karan Fries, PTP positive, DFI(%) and progressive motility explained a total of 86% variations in bull fertility. In case of Kankrej bulls, live Ca negative and ROS positive spermatozoa explained 41% variation in bull fertility. In conclusion, sperm parameters explaining the variability in bull fertility differ among breeds, and the breed specific fertility prediction models developed in the study have the potential to discriminate above- from below-average fertility bulls.