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<p>Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem affecting up to 50% of the world’s population, as staple food crops like wheat and rice, which are often poor in many essential micronutrients such as vitamin A, are major staple food crops. Biofortification of cereal crops with <i>β</i>-carotene (provitamin A) through genetic engineering is a potential solution to overcome vitamin A deficiency. The Orange (Or) protein is involved in the regulation of carotenoid accumulation and previous studies demonstrated high carotenoid accumulation due to a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CDS leading to substitution of Arg to His in the OR protein results in carotenoid accumulation. In the present study, we showed that this substitution of a single amino acid at position 110 (Arg to His) of wild-type wheat <i>TaOr</i> (referred to as <i>TaOr</i><sup><i>His110</i></sup>) increased <i>β</i>-carotene accumulation in transgenic wheat and rice plants overexpressing <i>TaOr</i><sup><i>His110</i></sup> under the control of the seed-specific promoter <i>Glu1D1</i>. HPLC analysis revealed increase in <i>β</i>-carotene content in rice grain up to eightfold in case of TP309 (japonica) cultivar, 13-fold in case of IET10364 (indica) cultivar and sevenfold in wheat cv. CPAN1676. Additionally, most of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway genes were found to be upregulated in <i>TaOr</i><sup><i>His110</i></sup> overexpressing seeds of TP309 and IET10364, which positively correlates with maximum increase in <i>β</i>-carotene content.</p>

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Boosting β-carotene in rice and wheat grains through seed-specific expression of a modified wheat or gene

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月22日

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  • Parul Sirohi,
  • Ritika Vishnoi,
  • Suchi Baliyan,
  • Bidya Bhushan Gupta,
  • Pratibha Demiwal,
  • Hugo Germain,
  • Debabrata Sircar,
  • Harsh Chauhan

摘要

Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem affecting up to 50% of the world’s population, as staple food crops like wheat and rice, which are often poor in many essential micronutrients such as vitamin A, are major staple food crops. Biofortification of cereal crops with β-carotene (provitamin A) through genetic engineering is a potential solution to overcome vitamin A deficiency. The Orange (Or) protein is involved in the regulation of carotenoid accumulation and previous studies demonstrated high carotenoid accumulation due to a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CDS leading to substitution of Arg to His in the OR protein results in carotenoid accumulation. In the present study, we showed that this substitution of a single amino acid at position 110 (Arg to His) of wild-type wheat TaOr (referred to as TaOrHis110) increased β-carotene accumulation in transgenic wheat and rice plants overexpressing TaOrHis110 under the control of the seed-specific promoter Glu1D1. HPLC analysis revealed increase in β-carotene content in rice grain up to eightfold in case of TP309 (japonica) cultivar, 13-fold in case of IET10364 (indica) cultivar and sevenfold in wheat cv. CPAN1676. Additionally, most of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway genes were found to be upregulated in TaOrHis110 overexpressing seeds of TP309 and IET10364, which positively correlates with maximum increase in β-carotene content.