<p>The present study reports the development of g-C₃N₄/g-C₃N₄ isotype heterojunction embedded on graphene oxide (GO) for the photodegradation of pharmaceutical waste and organic dyes. Initially, the g-C₃N₄/g-C₃N₄ isotype heterojunction was prepared by thermal treatment using two different precursors, and subsequently embedded onto GO by a sonication-assisted solvothermal method. The successful synthesis and properties of the material were confirmed by various characterization techniques, including XRD, UV-Vis DRS, FESEM, HR-TEM XPS and BET. The strong compatibility and well-aligned band structure of the g-C₃N₄/g-C₃N₄ isotype heterojunction offers a cost-effective strategy conquer the rapid recombination of photogenerated charge pairs, which is frequently observed in pristine g-C₃N₄, a potential metal-free photocatalyst. Incorporating the g-C₃N₄/g-C₃N₄ isotype heterojunctions onto GO sheets results to the formation of a ternary photocatalyst (g-C₃N₄/g-C₃N₄@GO) with high efficiency in degradation of pharmaceutical waste and organic dyes. The superior photocatalytic efficacy of hybrid ternary g-C₃N₄/g-C₃N₄@GO nanocomposite is primarily due to its enhanced surface area and improved separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The study presents comprehensive synthesis, characterization and evaluation of the photocatalytic potential of the ternary isotype heterojunction, aiming to develop a metal-free catalytic approach for environmental remediations within the broader context of sustainable development.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>