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Abstract <p>This study presents a new approach for the electrochemical detection of chloramphenicol (CMP) and azithromycin (AZN) by fabricating a sensitive and selective electrode made from sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and polymerized glutamic acid (GL) modified zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and a carbon nanotube composite paste electrode (SDS-PGL(ZnO/CNTPE)). Electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were used to evaluate its performance. CMP exhibited an optimum irreversible reduction peak in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 4.5. The surface and structural characteristics of the SDS-PGL(ZnO/CNTPE) and bare zinc oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotube composite paste electrode (B(ZnO/CNTPE)) were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scan rate analysis suggested that the electrochemical reaction was controlled by adsorption. Experimental parameters such as accumulation potential, simultaneous detection, and concentration variations were optimized to enhance performance. The SDS-PGL(ZnO/CNTPE) electrode achieved a limit of detection (LOD) 0.5 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.8 µM, demonstrating strong stability, repeatability, and reliability. It was successfully applied for detecting CMP in real samples, proving its practical application.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Surfactant and Polymer Coated Composite Sensor for the Analysis of Chloramphenicol and Azithromycin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月29日

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  • Sumanth Devaraj,
  • Jamballi G. Manjunatha,
  • Hareesha Nagarajappa,
  • Nagaraja Sreeharsha

摘要

Abstract

This study presents a new approach for the electrochemical detection of chloramphenicol (CMP) and azithromycin (AZN) by fabricating a sensitive and selective electrode made from sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and polymerized glutamic acid (GL) modified zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and a carbon nanotube composite paste electrode (SDS-PGL(ZnO/CNTPE)). Electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were used to evaluate its performance. CMP exhibited an optimum irreversible reduction peak in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 4.5. The surface and structural characteristics of the SDS-PGL(ZnO/CNTPE) and bare zinc oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotube composite paste electrode (B(ZnO/CNTPE)) were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scan rate analysis suggested that the electrochemical reaction was controlled by adsorption. Experimental parameters such as accumulation potential, simultaneous detection, and concentration variations were optimized to enhance performance. The SDS-PGL(ZnO/CNTPE) electrode achieved a limit of detection (LOD) 0.5 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.8 µM, demonstrating strong stability, repeatability, and reliability. It was successfully applied for detecting CMP in real samples, proving its practical application.

Graphical Abstract