Optimized green synthesis of biocompatible Ag nanostructures using Artemisia Indica leaf extract: a promising avenue for biomedical applications

Artemisia indica, belonging to the family Asteraceae, is renowned for its rich phytoconstituents and traditional medicinal uses. This study aimed to optimize the green synthesis of biocompatible Ag NPs using varying concentrations of A. indica leaf extract and AgNO3. The objectives were to characterize the synthesized NPs and evaluate their potential biomedical applications. The synthesized NPs were characterized using FTIR, XRD, TEM, and Zeta sizer. The results indicated an average particle size of approximately 20 nm and a zeta potential of −23.4 mV, confirming their stability. PXRD analysis demonstrated the crystalline nature of the NPs, while FTIR analysis confirmed the capping of phytoconstituents on the nanoparticle surface. Biocompatibility was assessed using the MTT assay on the L929 cell line, showing 83% cell viability, indicating non-toxicity. Additionally, the green-synthesized NPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity at a concentration of 500 μg/mL, as evidenced by a clear zone of inhibition. This study highlights a rapid, eco-friendly synthesis method for Ag NPs, paving the way for novel biomedical applications.