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<p>Ginger is a monocotyledonous perennial herb that plays a significant role in the traditional Ayurvedic medicine system, primarily due to its bioactive compounds, including gingerols, paradols, and flavonoids, which confer pharmacological properties. However, the incidence of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f.sp. <i>zingiberi</i> (<i>Foz</i>) poses a substantial threat, often decimating entire crops with its spores persisting in soil for an extended duration, leading to severe yield losses. The strategic application of in vitro gamma irradiation, coupled with a selection technique, has led to the development of <i>Fusarium-</i>tolerant ginger, specifically Himgiri-17.5, which exhibited superior performance compared to the control, displaying a 20.74% increase in rhizome yield and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the up-regulation of genes in Himgiri-17.5 in comparison to conventionally propagated cultivar (Himgiri) involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, such as <i>isoamylase-2</i>,<i> 1</i>,<i>4-alpha-glucan-branching enzyme</i>,<i> amylomaltase</i>,<i> phosphoglucomutase</i>, and <i>glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase</i>, indicating increased metabolic activity. Genetic analysis identified 36,517 sequence variation in Himgiri-17.5, comprising 33,844 SNPs, 2,673 InDels, and 34,297 SSRs, with 23,682 pathway-specific SSRs linked to plant-pathogen interactions, metabolic pathways, and signaling processes. Polymorphic markers such as SSR_5582, SSR_6662, SSR_6925, and SSR_7036 pinpointed crucial genetic changes associated with <i>Fusarium</i> resistance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on InDels associated with <i>Fusarium</i> wilt tolerance and mapping of these InDels represents a pioneering discovery in ginger genomics. This study uncovers the genetic basis of <i>Fusarium</i> tolerance in Himgiri-17.5, establishing it as a high-yielding cultivar and demonstrating the potential of in vitro gamma irradiation to enhance stress tolerance and productivity in ginger breeding programmes.</p>

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Genetic signatures and sequence variations associated with Fusarium wilt tolerance in mutagenized ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Pooja Sharma,
  • Manisha Thakur

摘要

Ginger is a monocotyledonous perennial herb that plays a significant role in the traditional Ayurvedic medicine system, primarily due to its bioactive compounds, including gingerols, paradols, and flavonoids, which confer pharmacological properties. However, the incidence of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi (Foz) poses a substantial threat, often decimating entire crops with its spores persisting in soil for an extended duration, leading to severe yield losses. The strategic application of in vitro gamma irradiation, coupled with a selection technique, has led to the development of Fusarium-tolerant ginger, specifically Himgiri-17.5, which exhibited superior performance compared to the control, displaying a 20.74% increase in rhizome yield and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the up-regulation of genes in Himgiri-17.5 in comparison to conventionally propagated cultivar (Himgiri) involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, such as isoamylase-2, 1,4-alpha-glucan-branching enzyme, amylomaltase, phosphoglucomutase, and glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase, indicating increased metabolic activity. Genetic analysis identified 36,517 sequence variation in Himgiri-17.5, comprising 33,844 SNPs, 2,673 InDels, and 34,297 SSRs, with 23,682 pathway-specific SSRs linked to plant-pathogen interactions, metabolic pathways, and signaling processes. Polymorphic markers such as SSR_5582, SSR_6662, SSR_6925, and SSR_7036 pinpointed crucial genetic changes associated with Fusarium resistance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on InDels associated with Fusarium wilt tolerance and mapping of these InDels represents a pioneering discovery in ginger genomics. This study uncovers the genetic basis of Fusarium tolerance in Himgiri-17.5, establishing it as a high-yielding cultivar and demonstrating the potential of in vitro gamma irradiation to enhance stress tolerance and productivity in ginger breeding programmes.