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<p>Echinacea purpurea is a globally significant medicinal plant valued for its immunomodulatory properties, yet strong apical dominance severely limits conventional micropropagation efficiency. This study investigated fluridone-mediated strigolactone (SL) biosynthesis inhibition as a strategy to overcome this limitation. Nodal explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 4.5 µM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and fluridone at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 µM. The optimal treatment (3 µM fluridone) achieved 9.7 ± 0.6 shoots per explant, representing a 273% increase over controls (2.6 ± 0.3 shoots). LC-MS/MS quantification confirmed a 64% reduction in total endogenous SLs (from 131.5 ± 6.8 to 47.3 ± 3.7 ng g⁻¹ DW, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and a significant negative correlation between SL levels and shoot number (<i>r</i> = − 0.89, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), supporting the mechanistic hypothesis that SL suppression relieves axillary bud dormancy. Concomitant reduction in abscisic acid (ABA; 31% at 3 µM) is consistent with a synergistic role in promoting meristematic activity. ISSR analysis confirmed 100% genetic fidelity across all regenerated plantlets, and HPLC quantification demonstrated that pharmaceutical-grade secondary metabolite profiles (chicoric acid and echinacoside) were maintained. The optimized protocol reduces per-plant production costs by 40% and increases output capacity 3.5-fold, providing a validated, economically viable platform for large-scale Echinacea purpurea production.</p>

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Fluridone-mediated strigolactone inhibition promotes efficient in vitro multiplication of Echinacea purpurea: LC-MS/MS profiling and mechanistic insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Heba Shahin,
  • Noura F. G. Salem,
  • Marwa E. Abd El-Sadek

摘要

Echinacea purpurea is a globally significant medicinal plant valued for its immunomodulatory properties, yet strong apical dominance severely limits conventional micropropagation efficiency. This study investigated fluridone-mediated strigolactone (SL) biosynthesis inhibition as a strategy to overcome this limitation. Nodal explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 4.5 µM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and fluridone at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 µM. The optimal treatment (3 µM fluridone) achieved 9.7 ± 0.6 shoots per explant, representing a 273% increase over controls (2.6 ± 0.3 shoots). LC-MS/MS quantification confirmed a 64% reduction in total endogenous SLs (from 131.5 ± 6.8 to 47.3 ± 3.7 ng g⁻¹ DW, P < 0.001) and a significant negative correlation between SL levels and shoot number (r = − 0.89, P < 0.001), supporting the mechanistic hypothesis that SL suppression relieves axillary bud dormancy. Concomitant reduction in abscisic acid (ABA; 31% at 3 µM) is consistent with a synergistic role in promoting meristematic activity. ISSR analysis confirmed 100% genetic fidelity across all regenerated plantlets, and HPLC quantification demonstrated that pharmaceutical-grade secondary metabolite profiles (chicoric acid and echinacoside) were maintained. The optimized protocol reduces per-plant production costs by 40% and increases output capacity 3.5-fold, providing a validated, economically viable platform for large-scale Echinacea purpurea production.