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<p>Phytonanotechnology enhances modern agriculture by applying nanoparticles to improve crop productivity. This study explores the potential of iron nanocubes (<i>Ps</i>Fe NCs) and zinc oxide nanospheres (<i>Ps</i>ZnO NSs), synthesized by a green hydrothermal approach from pea leaf extract (PLE), to improve pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) seed germination, organogenesis, and stress tolerance. Compared to the control (55.83%), <i>Ps</i>Fe NCs at 3 ppm achieved the highest germination percentage (85%), root induction (34.1 per explant), and shoot length (11.13&#xa0;cm). <i>Ps</i>ZnO NSs at 4 ppm increased seed germination to 70.33% and enhanced physiological traits including shoot and root development, organogenesis ability, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant activity, and abiotic stress resilience. Notably, this study provides one of the earliest demonstrations of nanopriming applied within a plant tissue culture system, revealing its ability to enhance multiple shoot induction and callus formation. <i>Ps</i>Fe NCs markedly improved shoot multiplication (43.66 shoots per explant) and callus induction (48.43%) under optimized plant growth regulator treatments, indicating the potential of nanopriming to enhance tissue culture–based organogenesis. RAPD and SCoT markers showed no detectable polymorphism between nanoprimed regenerants and the wild-type control.</p>

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The potential of PsFe nanocubes and PsZnO nanospheres in seed nanopriming for enhanced pea germination, organogenesis and stress resilience

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

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  • Ajithan Chandrasekaran,
  • Thangamuniyandi Pilavadi,
  • Magdalin Sylvia Singarayar,
  • Siva Ramamoorthy,
  • Geung-Joo Lee,
  • Manickavasagam Markandan

摘要

Phytonanotechnology enhances modern agriculture by applying nanoparticles to improve crop productivity. This study explores the potential of iron nanocubes (PsFe NCs) and zinc oxide nanospheres (PsZnO NSs), synthesized by a green hydrothermal approach from pea leaf extract (PLE), to improve pea (Pisum sativum L.) seed germination, organogenesis, and stress tolerance. Compared to the control (55.83%), PsFe NCs at 3 ppm achieved the highest germination percentage (85%), root induction (34.1 per explant), and shoot length (11.13 cm). PsZnO NSs at 4 ppm increased seed germination to 70.33% and enhanced physiological traits including shoot and root development, organogenesis ability, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant activity, and abiotic stress resilience. Notably, this study provides one of the earliest demonstrations of nanopriming applied within a plant tissue culture system, revealing its ability to enhance multiple shoot induction and callus formation. PsFe NCs markedly improved shoot multiplication (43.66 shoots per explant) and callus induction (48.43%) under optimized plant growth regulator treatments, indicating the potential of nanopriming to enhance tissue culture–based organogenesis. RAPD and SCoT markers showed no detectable polymorphism between nanoprimed regenerants and the wild-type control.