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<p>In the era of gene editing, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/ CRISPR-associated 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) technology has emerged as a transformative tool in crop improvement programmes for yield enhancement, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, and better nutritional quality. Gene-edited (GE) plants are developed using gene-editing tools that may facilitate precise and targeted modification (mutation, insertion, deletion, or substitution) at genomic loci. GE plants, categorized on the basis of site-directed nucleases (SDN-1 and SDN-2), may contain very specific modification of one or few base pairs within the existing genetic information with known genome structure and function without involving foreign gene insertion. However, GE plants belonging to SDN-3 have foreign gene insert that may express new proteins. In recent past, the development and adoption of GE plants is gaining momentum due to increasing demand for sustainable food production and climate-resilience. As India is approaching towards integrating gene editing into its agricultural biotechnology, reliable detection methods will be crucial to ensure for traceability as well as verification of desired modification. However, detection of GE plants (referred to as GE detection in this article) is challenging due to very small modifications. Here we highlighted the current scenario of GE plants in the country along with the existing regulatory landscape. Further detection approaches, both the amplification- as well as sequencing-based, were also discussed, which can be employed on <i>case-by-case</i> basis, either application- or resource-based. The article evaluates available molecular detection techniques, including PCR-based assays, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and digital droplet PCR, emphasizing their sensitivity, specificity, and applicability. Further need of investments and capacity building in this area to harness maximum benefits of gene-editing technologies for crop improvement, food and nutritional security, and sustainable agriculture was underscored.</p>

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Unlocking the potential of gene-edited plants in India: scientific advances and detection approaches

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Monika Singh,
  • Shiwani,
  • Kushaldeep Kaur,
  • Raghavendra Aminedi,
  • Anuradha Singh,
  • Shruti Sinha,
  • Divyaditya Awasthi,
  • Amit Kumar Singh

摘要

In the era of gene editing, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/ CRISPR-associated 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) technology has emerged as a transformative tool in crop improvement programmes for yield enhancement, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, and better nutritional quality. Gene-edited (GE) plants are developed using gene-editing tools that may facilitate precise and targeted modification (mutation, insertion, deletion, or substitution) at genomic loci. GE plants, categorized on the basis of site-directed nucleases (SDN-1 and SDN-2), may contain very specific modification of one or few base pairs within the existing genetic information with known genome structure and function without involving foreign gene insertion. However, GE plants belonging to SDN-3 have foreign gene insert that may express new proteins. In recent past, the development and adoption of GE plants is gaining momentum due to increasing demand for sustainable food production and climate-resilience. As India is approaching towards integrating gene editing into its agricultural biotechnology, reliable detection methods will be crucial to ensure for traceability as well as verification of desired modification. However, detection of GE plants (referred to as GE detection in this article) is challenging due to very small modifications. Here we highlighted the current scenario of GE plants in the country along with the existing regulatory landscape. Further detection approaches, both the amplification- as well as sequencing-based, were also discussed, which can be employed on case-by-case basis, either application- or resource-based. The article evaluates available molecular detection techniques, including PCR-based assays, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and digital droplet PCR, emphasizing their sensitivity, specificity, and applicability. Further need of investments and capacity building in this area to harness maximum benefits of gene-editing technologies for crop improvement, food and nutritional security, and sustainable agriculture was underscored.