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<p>This study aimed to optimize the in vitro mycorrhization of <i>Argania spinosa</i> (L.) Skeels plantlets produced via microcuttings and micrografting, and to assess its effects on acclimatization success and physiological performance. Mycorrhizal inoculation was integrated into the in vitro culture system using the Mycelium Donor Plant (MDP) approach, with <i>Medicago truncatula</i> as the donor plant and chicory roots as host tissues. The system was optimized by evaluating various co-culture durations, container sizes, and inoculum densities. Optimal mycorrhization was achieved with a 3-month co-culture period in small jars and an inoculum density of approximately 100–200 spores per culture. While shoot growth responses to in vitro mycorrhization varied depending on plant material, root development was consistently enhanced. Notably, root induction in previously unrooted shoots reached up to 56.00%, outperforming auxin-induced rooting (0–29.37%). During acclimatization, mycorrhized plantlets exhibited significantly improved survival rates, with up to 85.00%. Physiological assessments revealed that mycorrhization enhanced several key parameters across all plant materials, including chlorophyll content (5.56–6.82 CCI in mycorrhizal vs. 1.46–2.22 CCI in controls), minimal fluorescence (176.80–242.40 vs. 149.20–190.60), maximal fluorescence (794.60–1180.80 vs. 676.20–836.80), and leaf area (69.60–89.40&#xa0;mm² vs. 30.20–40.20&#xa0;mm²). Enhanced photosystem II efficiency and variable fluorescence were also observed, indicating improved photosynthetic performance. These findings demonstrate that in vitro mycorrhization represents a promising strategy to enhance argan micropropagation, physiological performance, and acclimatization success. This approach holds considerable potential to support sustainable cultivation, conservation, and reforestation efforts involving this ecologically and economically important species.</p>

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In vitro mycorrhization improves rooting, acclimatization and physiological traits of argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) plants propagated by microcuttings and micrografting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Hassna Radi,
  • Meriyem Koufan,
  • Fatima Bouchiha,
  • Saida El Maataoui,
  • Hibat Allah Kharbouche,
  • Ilham Belkoura,
  • Rachida Naciri,
  • Tayeb Koussa,
  • Mouaad Amine Mazri

摘要

This study aimed to optimize the in vitro mycorrhization of Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels plantlets produced via microcuttings and micrografting, and to assess its effects on acclimatization success and physiological performance. Mycorrhizal inoculation was integrated into the in vitro culture system using the Mycelium Donor Plant (MDP) approach, with Medicago truncatula as the donor plant and chicory roots as host tissues. The system was optimized by evaluating various co-culture durations, container sizes, and inoculum densities. Optimal mycorrhization was achieved with a 3-month co-culture period in small jars and an inoculum density of approximately 100–200 spores per culture. While shoot growth responses to in vitro mycorrhization varied depending on plant material, root development was consistently enhanced. Notably, root induction in previously unrooted shoots reached up to 56.00%, outperforming auxin-induced rooting (0–29.37%). During acclimatization, mycorrhized plantlets exhibited significantly improved survival rates, with up to 85.00%. Physiological assessments revealed that mycorrhization enhanced several key parameters across all plant materials, including chlorophyll content (5.56–6.82 CCI in mycorrhizal vs. 1.46–2.22 CCI in controls), minimal fluorescence (176.80–242.40 vs. 149.20–190.60), maximal fluorescence (794.60–1180.80 vs. 676.20–836.80), and leaf area (69.60–89.40 mm² vs. 30.20–40.20 mm²). Enhanced photosystem II efficiency and variable fluorescence were also observed, indicating improved photosynthetic performance. These findings demonstrate that in vitro mycorrhization represents a promising strategy to enhance argan micropropagation, physiological performance, and acclimatization success. This approach holds considerable potential to support sustainable cultivation, conservation, and reforestation efforts involving this ecologically and economically important species.