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<p>Indican (C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>17</sub>NO<sub>6</sub>) is a plant-derived secondary metabolite found in species like <i>Indigofera tinctoria</i> and serves as natural precursor to the indigo dye. Traditionally, indigo has been extracted through natural fermentation processes involving the maceration of plant leaves. To meet global demand-especially for denim dyeing-indigo is now predominantly produced through chemical synthesis. However, this method relies on environmentally harmful substances, raising serious substantially concerns. Biotechnology offers eco-friendly alternatives to chemical synthesis. This includes: In vitro cultivation of plant cells, tissues and organs.&#xa0;Genetic and metabolic engineering to boost indican and indigo production.&#xa0;Bioreactor-scale methods for scalable, sustainable dye production.Biotechnological strategies present a promising path for environmentally conscious indigo production. By improving yields and reducing chemical use, they help align industrial dyeing with sustainability goals.</p>

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Biotechnological approaches to improve indigo production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Golandam Sharifi,
  • Golfam Sharifi

摘要

Indican (C14H17NO6) is a plant-derived secondary metabolite found in species like Indigofera tinctoria and serves as natural precursor to the indigo dye. Traditionally, indigo has been extracted through natural fermentation processes involving the maceration of plant leaves. To meet global demand-especially for denim dyeing-indigo is now predominantly produced through chemical synthesis. However, this method relies on environmentally harmful substances, raising serious substantially concerns. Biotechnology offers eco-friendly alternatives to chemical synthesis. This includes: In vitro cultivation of plant cells, tissues and organs. Genetic and metabolic engineering to boost indican and indigo production. Bioreactor-scale methods for scalable, sustainable dye production.Biotechnological strategies present a promising path for environmentally conscious indigo production. By improving yields and reducing chemical use, they help align industrial dyeing with sustainability goals.