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<p>Gamma radiation induces plant stress, activating defence mechanisms that can lead to increased secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids. This study investigates the effect of gamma radiation on the accumulation and production of phenolic acids in <i>Salvia leriifolia</i> callus cultures. Callus induction was achieved using leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µM) and BA (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µM). The combination of 20 µM NAA and 15 µM BA was the best treatment for callus growth and proliferation. The proliferated callus was exposed to different doses of gamma radiation (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100&#xa0;Gy) from a Co60 source. After 60 days, callus growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, and phenolic compound content were evaluated. Low doses of gamma radiation enhanced callus growth, with the highest fresh and dry weights observed at 20&#xa0;Gy. In contrast, higher doses (80&#xa0;Gy and 100&#xa0;Gy) significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) inhibited growth. Increased radiation intensity resulted in elevated antioxidant enzyme activity such as (CAT), (APX), (SOD), and (PAL), as well as increased accumulation of (RA). The highest enzyme activities were recorded at 80&#xa0;Gy, where RA accumulation reached 91.5&#xa0;mg/g (DW), compared to 54.73&#xa0;mg/g (DW) in the control group. This study demonstrates that applying specific doses of gamma radiation can optimize cell lines for enhanced production of metabolic compounds, particularly phenolic acids, suggesting a promising strategy for improving secondary metabolite production in plant tissue cultures.</p>

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Biochemical response and rosmarinic acid accumulation in callus culture of Salvia leriifolia Benth (Lamiaceae) irradiated with gamma rays

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月12日

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  • Arefeh Rastgoo,
  • Esmaeil Chamani,
  • Younes Pourbeyrami Hir,
  • Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili,
  • Mansour Miran

摘要

Gamma radiation induces plant stress, activating defence mechanisms that can lead to increased secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids. This study investigates the effect of gamma radiation on the accumulation and production of phenolic acids in Salvia leriifolia callus cultures. Callus induction was achieved using leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µM) and BA (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µM). The combination of 20 µM NAA and 15 µM BA was the best treatment for callus growth and proliferation. The proliferated callus was exposed to different doses of gamma radiation (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 Gy) from a Co60 source. After 60 days, callus growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, and phenolic compound content were evaluated. Low doses of gamma radiation enhanced callus growth, with the highest fresh and dry weights observed at 20 Gy. In contrast, higher doses (80 Gy and 100 Gy) significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited growth. Increased radiation intensity resulted in elevated antioxidant enzyme activity such as (CAT), (APX), (SOD), and (PAL), as well as increased accumulation of (RA). The highest enzyme activities were recorded at 80 Gy, where RA accumulation reached 91.5 mg/g (DW), compared to 54.73 mg/g (DW) in the control group. This study demonstrates that applying specific doses of gamma radiation can optimize cell lines for enhanced production of metabolic compounds, particularly phenolic acids, suggesting a promising strategy for improving secondary metabolite production in plant tissue cultures.