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<p>Tissue culture plays a crucial role in biotechnology and has significant applications in the propagation of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. (saffron), which is renowned as one of the most expensive spices globally. This study explored the effects of two key plant growth regulators on the growth rate (Ct) of <i>C. sativus</i> using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) across three distinct growth media (B5, MS, and LS) with the aid of numerical optimization modeling. The highest callus growth rate was achieved in the B5 medium, which resulted in a 75% regeneration rate and an average of 13.66 microcorms produced per explant. Conversely, the LS medium yielded the lowest Ct and did not produce any microcorms, indicating its ineffectiveness for <i>C. sativus</i> callus growth and differentiation. Through statistical optimization, the optimal Ct values were predicted for callus grown on B5 medium with 10&#xa0;mg/L NAA and 2&#xa0;mg/L BAP, on MS medium with 7.295&#xa0;mg/L NAA and 4.831&#xa0;mg/L BAP, and on LS medium with 6.174&#xa0;mg/L NAA and 4.777&#xa0;mg/L BAP. The results of our study not only validate the efficacy of B5 medium for callus proliferation but also highlight the complex interactions between nutrients and growth regulators. These findings provide valuable insights for the large-scale in vitro propagation of <i>C. sativus</i>, which could be beneficial for applications in biotechnology and genetic engineering.</p>

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Callus growth and microcorm formation of Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) show medium dependency based on response surface methodology optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月28日

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  • Eisa Kohan-Baghkheirati,
  • Mohammad Reza Vaezi-Kakhki,
  • Elahe Feizabadi

摘要

Tissue culture plays a crucial role in biotechnology and has significant applications in the propagation of Crocus sativus L. (saffron), which is renowned as one of the most expensive spices globally. This study explored the effects of two key plant growth regulators on the growth rate (Ct) of C. sativus using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) across three distinct growth media (B5, MS, and LS) with the aid of numerical optimization modeling. The highest callus growth rate was achieved in the B5 medium, which resulted in a 75% regeneration rate and an average of 13.66 microcorms produced per explant. Conversely, the LS medium yielded the lowest Ct and did not produce any microcorms, indicating its ineffectiveness for C. sativus callus growth and differentiation. Through statistical optimization, the optimal Ct values were predicted for callus grown on B5 medium with 10 mg/L NAA and 2 mg/L BAP, on MS medium with 7.295 mg/L NAA and 4.831 mg/L BAP, and on LS medium with 6.174 mg/L NAA and 4.777 mg/L BAP. The results of our study not only validate the efficacy of B5 medium for callus proliferation but also highlight the complex interactions between nutrients and growth regulators. These findings provide valuable insights for the large-scale in vitro propagation of C. sativus, which could be beneficial for applications in biotechnology and genetic engineering.