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<p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) on the growth, phenolic compounds and naphthodianthrones production, antioxidant status and in vitro neuroprotective and antihyperlipidemic activities in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i> hairy roots (HR). Application of all SA concentrations (50–250 µM) significantly declined HR biomass, while JA (10 and 50 µM) stimulated HR growth during the late post-elicitation period. Growth suppression in elicited HR was related to decreased utilization of nutrients (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>, PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3–</sup>, and residual sugars) from the culture medium. Low doses of SA (50 and 100 µM) exhibited fast accumulation of total phenolics (TP), flavonoids (TF) and flavan-3-ols (TFA), whereas high JA dose (100 µM) continuously improve metabolite productivity of HR. Positive relationships of TP, TF and TFA contents with antioxidant assays suggested that these phenolics represent main contributors to the antioxidant activities of elicited cultures. Concerning antioxidant enzymes, SA induced an early up-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), but permanently reduced peroxidase (POD) that results in increment of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA levels. In contrast, JA-treated HR displayed consistent enhancement of POD and late decreased in SOD activity causing a suppression of oxidative stress markers. Strong accumulation of catechins (catechin, epicatechin and procyanidins), naphthodianthrones (hypericin, pseudohypericin and protopseudohypericin) and xanthones in elicited HR at day 4 of post-elicitation coincided with increased acetylcholinesterase, lipase and cholesterol esterase inhibition. Present results indicated that elicitation of <i>H. perforatum</i> HR with SA and JA represents an efficient strategy for the production of bioactive compounds.</p>

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Elicitation of Hypericum perforatum L. hairy root cultures with salicylic acid and jasmonic acid enhances the production of phenolic compounds and naphthodianthrones with biological activities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月17日

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  • Bedri Gjureci,
  • Marija Todorovska,
  • Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva,
  • Oliver Tusevski,
  • Sonja Gadzovska Simic

摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) on the growth, phenolic compounds and naphthodianthrones production, antioxidant status and in vitro neuroprotective and antihyperlipidemic activities in Hypericum perforatum hairy roots (HR). Application of all SA concentrations (50–250 µM) significantly declined HR biomass, while JA (10 and 50 µM) stimulated HR growth during the late post-elicitation period. Growth suppression in elicited HR was related to decreased utilization of nutrients (NH4+, NO3–, PO43–, and residual sugars) from the culture medium. Low doses of SA (50 and 100 µM) exhibited fast accumulation of total phenolics (TP), flavonoids (TF) and flavan-3-ols (TFA), whereas high JA dose (100 µM) continuously improve metabolite productivity of HR. Positive relationships of TP, TF and TFA contents with antioxidant assays suggested that these phenolics represent main contributors to the antioxidant activities of elicited cultures. Concerning antioxidant enzymes, SA induced an early up-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), but permanently reduced peroxidase (POD) that results in increment of H2O2 and MDA levels. In contrast, JA-treated HR displayed consistent enhancement of POD and late decreased in SOD activity causing a suppression of oxidative stress markers. Strong accumulation of catechins (catechin, epicatechin and procyanidins), naphthodianthrones (hypericin, pseudohypericin and protopseudohypericin) and xanthones in elicited HR at day 4 of post-elicitation coincided with increased acetylcholinesterase, lipase and cholesterol esterase inhibition. Present results indicated that elicitation of H. perforatum HR with SA and JA represents an efficient strategy for the production of bioactive compounds.