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<p><i>Euterpe edulis</i> Martius is a Brazilian palm tree with ecological, cultural and economic importance. However, it is currently threatened with extinction, and its reproduction and conservation efforts remain limited. Propagation by seeds is the only natural form of reproduction of the species; challenged by the recalcitrant nature of the seeds. In search of alternative methods for reproduction, particularly for adult individuals essential for the conservation of genetic resources, this study aimed to develop a cloning protocol for adult specimens of <i>E. edulis</i> via somatic embryogenesis, using the thin cell layer technique in immature inflorescences. For the induction of embryogenic callus, treatments with the auxin herbicide 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (300 and 450 µM) were effective, leading to the formation of embryogenic callus indirectly. The 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid treatment at 300 µM was the most efficient, producing the highest number of somatic embryos (SEs; ~2100). Both 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid concentrations (300 and 450 µM) formed plants at the end of the cycle. During maturation, the combination 2-isopentenyladenine + α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 36 + 1.8 µM resulted in the highest number of coleoptilar embryos at the end of histodifferentiation and achieved the highest germination rate (52.5%) among the treatments tested. The SEs selected for encapsulation produced a plants yield of 97.5%. The study validated cloning via in vitro somatic embryogenesis from adult <i>E. edulis</i> donor plants as an effective method for genetic improvement and conservation programs.</p>

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Adult cell reprogramming in Euterpe edulis Martius: breakthrough in cloning of an endangered species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月5日

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  • Débora Pellanda Fagundes,
  • Joana Silva Costa,
  • Lana Laene Lima Dias,
  • Caroline Palacio de Araujo,
  • Ingridh Medeiros Simões,
  • Eduardo Santos Cade,
  • Tadeu Ériton Caliman Zanardo,
  • Marcello Zatta Péres,
  • Tamyris de Mello,
  • Edilson Romais Schmildt,
  • Amir Ali Khoddamzadeh,
  • Claudete Santa-Catarina,
  • Wagner Campos Otoni,
  • Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre

摘要

Euterpe edulis Martius is a Brazilian palm tree with ecological, cultural and economic importance. However, it is currently threatened with extinction, and its reproduction and conservation efforts remain limited. Propagation by seeds is the only natural form of reproduction of the species; challenged by the recalcitrant nature of the seeds. In search of alternative methods for reproduction, particularly for adult individuals essential for the conservation of genetic resources, this study aimed to develop a cloning protocol for adult specimens of E. edulis via somatic embryogenesis, using the thin cell layer technique in immature inflorescences. For the induction of embryogenic callus, treatments with the auxin herbicide 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (300 and 450 µM) were effective, leading to the formation of embryogenic callus indirectly. The 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid treatment at 300 µM was the most efficient, producing the highest number of somatic embryos (SEs; ~2100). Both 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid concentrations (300 and 450 µM) formed plants at the end of the cycle. During maturation, the combination 2-isopentenyladenine + α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 36 + 1.8 µM resulted in the highest number of coleoptilar embryos at the end of histodifferentiation and achieved the highest germination rate (52.5%) among the treatments tested. The SEs selected for encapsulation produced a plants yield of 97.5%. The study validated cloning via in vitro somatic embryogenesis from adult E. edulis donor plants as an effective method for genetic improvement and conservation programs.