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<p><i>Rotala malabarica</i> is a critically endangered and endemic aquatic plant belonging to the Lythraceae family. The present study intends to standardise a suitable protocol for the mass propagation and conservation of this species in vitro. Nodal segments from field-grown plants were inoculated on full and half-strength Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 0.2–1.5&#xa0;mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or kinetin (KN) for primary culture initiation, with half-strength MS medium containing 0.5&#xa0;mg/L BAP yielding the highest response (94.1% and 103.6 shoots per explant). The effect of subculture stages on shoot multiplication was assessed by repeatedly subculturing in vitro nodal explants. The third subculture attained 100% response and maximum shoot yield (207.6 shoots per explant). Highest adventitious shoot induction response (78.3% and 23.7 shoots per explant) was achieved by culturing in vitro-derived internodes on MS medium augmented with 0.3&#xa0;mg/L TDZ, and subculture of induced shoot clumps into multiplication medium further increased the shoots per clump. In vitro shoots rooted on half-strength liquid MS medium fortified with 0.5&#xa0;mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) obtained the best results (99.1% response and 15.4 roots per shoot). The well-rooted plantlets were transferred to paper cups containing soil from the original habitat of the plant for acclimatization. Shoot tip explants, encapsulated in a 3% sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride matrix, yielded optimal synthetic seed quality. These beads exhibited a maximum germination rate of 93.6% and a mean shoot number of 7.4 per bead when cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5&#xa0;mg/L BAP and 0.2&#xa0;mg/L IBA. Further, regardless of temperature, the germination frequency of synthetic seeds exhibited a gradual decline with extended storage duration. The optimized protocols outlined in this study could significantly contribute to the mass propagation and ex-situ conservation of critically endangered species R. <i>malabarica.</i></p>

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Micropropagation and conservation of Rotala Malabarica Pradeep Joseph and Shivarajan, a critically endangered aquatic herb, endemic to Western Ghats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月21日

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  • V. E. Kiran,
  • N. V. Aswathi,
  • T. Dennis Thomas

摘要

Rotala malabarica is a critically endangered and endemic aquatic plant belonging to the Lythraceae family. The present study intends to standardise a suitable protocol for the mass propagation and conservation of this species in vitro. Nodal segments from field-grown plants were inoculated on full and half-strength Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 0.2–1.5 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or kinetin (KN) for primary culture initiation, with half-strength MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L BAP yielding the highest response (94.1% and 103.6 shoots per explant). The effect of subculture stages on shoot multiplication was assessed by repeatedly subculturing in vitro nodal explants. The third subculture attained 100% response and maximum shoot yield (207.6 shoots per explant). Highest adventitious shoot induction response (78.3% and 23.7 shoots per explant) was achieved by culturing in vitro-derived internodes on MS medium augmented with 0.3 mg/L TDZ, and subculture of induced shoot clumps into multiplication medium further increased the shoots per clump. In vitro shoots rooted on half-strength liquid MS medium fortified with 0.5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) obtained the best results (99.1% response and 15.4 roots per shoot). The well-rooted plantlets were transferred to paper cups containing soil from the original habitat of the plant for acclimatization. Shoot tip explants, encapsulated in a 3% sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride matrix, yielded optimal synthetic seed quality. These beads exhibited a maximum germination rate of 93.6% and a mean shoot number of 7.4 per bead when cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L IBA. Further, regardless of temperature, the germination frequency of synthetic seeds exhibited a gradual decline with extended storage duration. The optimized protocols outlined in this study could significantly contribute to the mass propagation and ex-situ conservation of critically endangered species R. malabarica.