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<p>Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is crucial for fruit trees, as it provides enhanced protection against a wide range of pathogens and confers long-lasting immunity against disease. SAR requires signaling molecules such as Salicylic Acid (SA), methyl ester of SA (MeSA), and pipecolic acid (Pip) to translocate defense signals from the infection site to distal tissues. Increased SA levels activate the expression of the nonexpressor of pathogenesis related 1 (NPR1) gene, leading to its interaction with transcription factors, such as TGA and WRKY, which initiate and regulate the expression of other defense-related genes. Recent advancements in next-generation technologies have created opportunities to enhance SAR effectively and efficiently in fruit trees. This review focuses on advanced technologies, including RNAi interference, nanotechnology, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, epigenetic regulation, and multiomics technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. It examines the potential of leveraging next-generation strategies to elicit the defense mechanism by identifying, modifying, or silencing the pathways or genes related to the plant immune response. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying SAR enhancement will facilitate the development of fruit trees with enhanced disease resistance against pathogens and pests, thereby ensuring sustainable fruit production amidst evolving challenges.</p>

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Leveraging next-generation technologies to enhance systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in fruit trees

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月8日

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  • Sheetal Ramekar,
  • Manjul Dutt

摘要

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is crucial for fruit trees, as it provides enhanced protection against a wide range of pathogens and confers long-lasting immunity against disease. SAR requires signaling molecules such as Salicylic Acid (SA), methyl ester of SA (MeSA), and pipecolic acid (Pip) to translocate defense signals from the infection site to distal tissues. Increased SA levels activate the expression of the nonexpressor of pathogenesis related 1 (NPR1) gene, leading to its interaction with transcription factors, such as TGA and WRKY, which initiate and regulate the expression of other defense-related genes. Recent advancements in next-generation technologies have created opportunities to enhance SAR effectively and efficiently in fruit trees. This review focuses on advanced technologies, including RNAi interference, nanotechnology, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, epigenetic regulation, and multiomics technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. It examines the potential of leveraging next-generation strategies to elicit the defense mechanism by identifying, modifying, or silencing the pathways or genes related to the plant immune response. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying SAR enhancement will facilitate the development of fruit trees with enhanced disease resistance against pathogens and pests, thereby ensuring sustainable fruit production amidst evolving challenges.