Catalytic Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials in Hydrogenation Processes of Organic Compounds: A Review

An use of catalysts based on carbon nanomaterials in reactions of hydrogenation of organic compounds with molecular hydrogen, sodium borohydrides, hydrazine, etc. is summarized. Reaction mechanisms, promising directions of development of catalytic systems on the base of carbon nanomaterials, and ways of creation and implementation of new heterogeneous catalytic processes are considered. Existing approaches to the design of carbon nanomaterials aimed at increasing a catalytic reaction rate and the possibility of regulating the selectivities for target products are discussed. Analysis of a nature of active sites on a surface of carbon nanomaterials and a role of surface functional groups in the process of a hydrogen surface migration is carried out.