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<p>To address the challenge of simultaneously achieving low detection probability and high transmission reliability in complex propagation environments, a covert communication system assisted by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a disguised full-duplex (FD) node is proposed. In this system, the UAV acts as a mobile relay collaborating with a ground-based disguised node to facilitate covert information transmission under the cover of public communication and artificial noise (AN). By establishing a three-dimensional channel model and a two-phase transmission protocol, closed-form expressions for the warden’s minimum detection error probability (DEP) and the system outage probability are derived, with approximations in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. To further enhance system performance, a covert throughput maximization problem is formulated, and an adaptive grid search algorithm based on bi-level programming is designed for power allocation optimization. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively balances covertness and reliability, achieving superior covert throughput compared to traditional power allocation methods in typical scenarios.</p>

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UAV-assisted covert communication with disguised full-duplex

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Tonghao Wang,
  • Enyu Li,
  • Weidong Yao,
  • Xiaojiang Fang,
  • Zhongyi Tian,
  • Haoming Wang

摘要

To address the challenge of simultaneously achieving low detection probability and high transmission reliability in complex propagation environments, a covert communication system assisted by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a disguised full-duplex (FD) node is proposed. In this system, the UAV acts as a mobile relay collaborating with a ground-based disguised node to facilitate covert information transmission under the cover of public communication and artificial noise (AN). By establishing a three-dimensional channel model and a two-phase transmission protocol, closed-form expressions for the warden’s minimum detection error probability (DEP) and the system outage probability are derived, with approximations in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. To further enhance system performance, a covert throughput maximization problem is formulated, and an adaptive grid search algorithm based on bi-level programming is designed for power allocation optimization. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively balances covertness and reliability, achieving superior covert throughput compared to traditional power allocation methods in typical scenarios.