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<p>This paper investigates the joint design of hybrid precoding and intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) phase shifts for wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems. The design problem is formulated as a spectral efficiency maximization under hardware constraints, and a hybrid precoding with IRS design (HPID) algorithm is developed. The digital precoders are updated via projected gradient ascent with power projection, while the IRS phases are optimized using alternating optimization. A theoretical upper bound based on fully digital precoding is also derived for benchmarking. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves over 20% higher spectral efficiency compared to conventional hybrid baselines and attains more than 90% of the fully digital upper bound. The algorithm converges within 15–20 iterations and maintains robust performance under phase noise, suitable candidate for high-throughput and reliable 6G wideband deployments.</p>

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Joint IRS and precoder design for OFDM-based mmWave massive MIMO systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月29日

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  • Kwame Ibwe

摘要

This paper investigates the joint design of hybrid precoding and intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) phase shifts for wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems. The design problem is formulated as a spectral efficiency maximization under hardware constraints, and a hybrid precoding with IRS design (HPID) algorithm is developed. The digital precoders are updated via projected gradient ascent with power projection, while the IRS phases are optimized using alternating optimization. A theoretical upper bound based on fully digital precoding is also derived for benchmarking. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves over 20% higher spectral efficiency compared to conventional hybrid baselines and attains more than 90% of the fully digital upper bound. The algorithm converges within 15–20 iterations and maintains robust performance under phase noise, suitable candidate for high-throughput and reliable 6G wideband deployments.