Wideband DOA estimation using modal orthogonality

Computational complexity is the main challenge of wideband direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms in practice. DOA estimation method using wideband modal orthogonality (WIMO) is a very efficient algorithm that does not assume a priori knowledge on the number of sources. In this paper, efficient subspace methods like Fourier domain-multiple signal classification (FD-MUSIC) and Root-MUSIC algorithms are developed for WIMO framework to improve the performance and computational complexity of the WIMO method. Simulation results confirm that these methods obtain superior performance regarding target resolution (probability of resolution). It is noteworthy, the FD-MUSIC based algorithm excels in target resolution and Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE), particularly as the signal bandwidth increases. In addition, the computational complexity of these methods are reduced compared to WIMO algorithm.