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<p>Realist metaphysical views often rely, explicitly or implicitly, on variations of the presupposition that genuine structure is sparse; call this assumption Sparsity. This includes views where there is one uniquely correct way to carve up the world, and also apparently pluralistic views that allow more structure yet still add a limit so there is not ‘too’ much. This conflates the question of how to characterize <i>what</i> structure is, with two other questions: <i>how much</i> structure there is; and <i>which particular</i> structures there are. I draw on Dennettian patterns, combining deflationary realism with profligacy about real patterns, to demonstrate a pragmatist metaphysical approach to identifying structure without begging the question of how much structure there is. Pragmatist pattern metaphysics allows that the world may be dense in structure, beyond any presupposed particular upper bound from Sparsity. Finding genuine structure may be easy, and most of it reiterative, useless, or uninteresting; the world may be so dense with structure that we could never exhaust it, such that trying to find ‘the’ correct structure is in principle unachievable. This shifts the substantive task away from the metaphysical question of what structure is, and towards methodological considerations. If there may be more genuine structure than we could ever investigate, our interests as inquirers must play a role in narrowing down which structures we choose to investigate, and which of many closely related structures yields the most systematicity, usefulness, or other epistemic desiderata. This pragmatist approach is minimalist with respect to metaphysical commitment: saying some structure is genuine says very little of substance about it.</p>

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The density of structure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • H. K. Andersen

摘要

Realist metaphysical views often rely, explicitly or implicitly, on variations of the presupposition that genuine structure is sparse; call this assumption Sparsity. This includes views where there is one uniquely correct way to carve up the world, and also apparently pluralistic views that allow more structure yet still add a limit so there is not ‘too’ much. This conflates the question of how to characterize what structure is, with two other questions: how much structure there is; and which particular structures there are. I draw on Dennettian patterns, combining deflationary realism with profligacy about real patterns, to demonstrate a pragmatist metaphysical approach to identifying structure without begging the question of how much structure there is. Pragmatist pattern metaphysics allows that the world may be dense in structure, beyond any presupposed particular upper bound from Sparsity. Finding genuine structure may be easy, and most of it reiterative, useless, or uninteresting; the world may be so dense with structure that we could never exhaust it, such that trying to find ‘the’ correct structure is in principle unachievable. This shifts the substantive task away from the metaphysical question of what structure is, and towards methodological considerations. If there may be more genuine structure than we could ever investigate, our interests as inquirers must play a role in narrowing down which structures we choose to investigate, and which of many closely related structures yields the most systematicity, usefulness, or other epistemic desiderata. This pragmatist approach is minimalist with respect to metaphysical commitment: saying some structure is genuine says very little of substance about it.