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<p>Value circulation and secure data transfer between heterogeneous blockchains are core challenges in blockchain interoperability. Existing cross-chain technologies generally suffer from limitations in application scenarios, insufficient protection of cross-chain data, and excessive reliance on third parties. To address these drawbacks, this paper proposes a novel secure cross-chain mechanism (HTL-RChain) based on hash time lock and relay chain technology. Grounded in the distributed notarization paradigm, this mechanism constructs a relay chain with endogenous security as the cross-chain medium, whose decentralization is significantly superior to traditional notary nodes. It designs and adopts the <i>NVRF</i> algorithm to stochastically elect relay chain proxy nodes, reducing computational overhead, eliminating reliance on trusted third parties (TTPs), and maximally guaranteeing node integrity. Bidirectional constraints and mutual trust verification between business chains and the relay chain are realized via hash-encrypted smart contracts, ensuring the security of cross-chain data transmission. Experimental results on the Ethereum platform demonstrate that, compared with Wanchain and the academic solution XCLAIM, this mechanism achieves higher cross-chain transaction processing speed and maintains efficient throughput even under network congestion. In the presence of malicious node interference, it can quickly identify and remove malicious nodes, keeping the transaction success rate above 98%. Key practical deployment indicators such as Gas consumption and storage overhead are also supplemented.</p>

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Secure cross-chain value and data transfer: a novel approach based on hash time lock and relay chain technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Xiong Huanliang,
  • Chen Bin,
  • Wu Canghai,
  • Wang Yinglong,
  • Wang JianQiang

摘要

Value circulation and secure data transfer between heterogeneous blockchains are core challenges in blockchain interoperability. Existing cross-chain technologies generally suffer from limitations in application scenarios, insufficient protection of cross-chain data, and excessive reliance on third parties. To address these drawbacks, this paper proposes a novel secure cross-chain mechanism (HTL-RChain) based on hash time lock and relay chain technology. Grounded in the distributed notarization paradigm, this mechanism constructs a relay chain with endogenous security as the cross-chain medium, whose decentralization is significantly superior to traditional notary nodes. It designs and adopts the NVRF algorithm to stochastically elect relay chain proxy nodes, reducing computational overhead, eliminating reliance on trusted third parties (TTPs), and maximally guaranteeing node integrity. Bidirectional constraints and mutual trust verification between business chains and the relay chain are realized via hash-encrypted smart contracts, ensuring the security of cross-chain data transmission. Experimental results on the Ethereum platform demonstrate that, compared with Wanchain and the academic solution XCLAIM, this mechanism achieves higher cross-chain transaction processing speed and maintains efficient throughput even under network congestion. In the presence of malicious node interference, it can quickly identify and remove malicious nodes, keeping the transaction success rate above 98%. Key practical deployment indicators such as Gas consumption and storage overhead are also supplemented.