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<p>Securing data on resource-constrained devices in today’s interconnected world has become a critical challenge. These devices, integral to IoT ecosystems, often lack the computational power and energy resources required for traditional security mechanisms. Ensuring robust edge data security while maintaining efficiency demands innovative approaches that balance security, performance, and resource management. This work proposes a novel and lightweight symmetric key block ciphering architecture crafted for resource-constrained devices in this context. This encryption scheme uses the famous South Indian tradition “<i>Sikku Kolam</i>” as a key element in fractal geometry to govern the encryption. Confidentiality is achieved through a series of operations such as substitution, random data fitting, rotation and diffusion assisted by a chaotic key generation scheme. Intel Cyclone IV E FPGA has been chosen as an implementation platform where hardware concurrency helps improve encryption speed by up to 266.66 Mbps with a clock of 50&#xa0;MHz. In addition, an encryptor occupies only 0.57% of the hardware footprint on the target FPGA, which is evidence of its lightweight nature. Further, ciphertexts are validated with the NIST SP 800–22 test suite, thereby passing the tests with a 99.9% confidence level.</p>

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Optimized encryption for resource-limited devices: a symmetric key approach leveraging South Indian tradition—Sikku Kolam

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Y. S. Varshini,
  • Kumar H. Naresh,
  • Manuj Aggarwal,
  • R. Sivaraman

摘要

Securing data on resource-constrained devices in today’s interconnected world has become a critical challenge. These devices, integral to IoT ecosystems, often lack the computational power and energy resources required for traditional security mechanisms. Ensuring robust edge data security while maintaining efficiency demands innovative approaches that balance security, performance, and resource management. This work proposes a novel and lightweight symmetric key block ciphering architecture crafted for resource-constrained devices in this context. This encryption scheme uses the famous South Indian tradition “Sikku Kolam” as a key element in fractal geometry to govern the encryption. Confidentiality is achieved through a series of operations such as substitution, random data fitting, rotation and diffusion assisted by a chaotic key generation scheme. Intel Cyclone IV E FPGA has been chosen as an implementation platform where hardware concurrency helps improve encryption speed by up to 266.66 Mbps with a clock of 50 MHz. In addition, an encryptor occupies only 0.57% of the hardware footprint on the target FPGA, which is evidence of its lightweight nature. Further, ciphertexts are validated with the NIST SP 800–22 test suite, thereby passing the tests with a 99.9% confidence level.