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<p>5&#xa0;G fog network with downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) coupled IoT node association strategy is a promising solution to challenges faced in conventional cloud architecture, such as propagation and transmission delays, scalability and computational issues, and resource management issues. An IoT node is assigned to a single fog node in DL and UL under the linked node association technique based on the strongest received signal power in DL from a fog node in the fog network. A larger number of IoT devices brings resource allocation-based issues related to bandwidth demands, speed, and latency requirements. In order to solve these challenges, we look into downlink-uplink-coupled node association schemes in this research. We next define a network throughput maximization problem in terms of latency-aware IoT node association, stored and computed data on fog nodes, and power distribution for fog nodes. The formulated optimization problem is an NP-hard mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem, requiring a thorough search to identify the best solution. However, as the number of users, whether fog nodes or IoT nodes, grows, the computing complexity of the exhaustive search grows exponentially. As a result, an outer approximation algorithm is suggested as a way to identify a solution that is close to optimal, while also requiring less computational complexity. Detailed performance analysis is done using a nonlinear technique.</p>

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Latency aware computation offloading and throughput maximization in DL/UL for IoT applications in fog networks

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月29日

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  • Rabeea Basir,
  • Humayun Zubair Khan,
  • Naveed Ahmad Chughtai,
  • Mudassar Ali,
  • Saad Qaisar

摘要

5 G fog network with downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) coupled IoT node association strategy is a promising solution to challenges faced in conventional cloud architecture, such as propagation and transmission delays, scalability and computational issues, and resource management issues. An IoT node is assigned to a single fog node in DL and UL under the linked node association technique based on the strongest received signal power in DL from a fog node in the fog network. A larger number of IoT devices brings resource allocation-based issues related to bandwidth demands, speed, and latency requirements. In order to solve these challenges, we look into downlink-uplink-coupled node association schemes in this research. We next define a network throughput maximization problem in terms of latency-aware IoT node association, stored and computed data on fog nodes, and power distribution for fog nodes. The formulated optimization problem is an NP-hard mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem, requiring a thorough search to identify the best solution. However, as the number of users, whether fog nodes or IoT nodes, grows, the computing complexity of the exhaustive search grows exponentially. As a result, an outer approximation algorithm is suggested as a way to identify a solution that is close to optimal, while also requiring less computational complexity. Detailed performance analysis is done using a nonlinear technique.