Hybrid coding table-based semi-reversible data hiding using least significant bits and encryption

This paper introduces a hybrid coding table-based semi-reversible data hiding method using least significant bits (LSB) and encryption. The method involves concealing data in the least significant bits of an image using a coding table, followed by encryption and permutation. Subsequently, a second phase of data hiding is performed on the encrypted image by analyzing the most significant bits of pixels to create additional hiding space. Notably, the first phase remains irreversible, safeguarding embedded data while limiting full image recovery. With an impressive embedding rate averaging 4.86 bits per pixel (bpp), the method surpasses existing techniques by nearly 62%. Furthermore, it demonstrates robust resilience against adversarial attacks, including complexity analysis, Shannon entropy, and histogram analysis. This paper presents a significant advancement in data hiding, promising enhanced security and efficiency across various applications.