<p>David Lewis employed <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11225_2025_10173_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="11" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="33" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\Box }{\rightarrow }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>□</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11225_2025_10173_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\preccurlyeq \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>≼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;as the primitive connectives, respectively, to establish two different kinds of conditional logic systems, which can be demonstrated to be equivalent. Unfortunately, Lewis and his successors relied solely on an intuitive sphere semantic model to ascertain their equivalence, failing to provide a formal proof. A formal clarification of the relationship between these different logical systems is pivotal for intuitively grasping and comprehending them and their interconnections. Hence, the aim of this paper is to provide a rigorous equivalence proof between Lewis’ two kinds of conditional systems: <b>CO</b> and <b>C1</b>, as well as <b>V</b> and <b>VC</b>. Through our proof, we show that the <b>Connex </b>axiom is redundant within System <b>V</b> and give its derivation from the other rules and axioms. This indicates that the connective&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11225_2025_10173_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\preccurlyeq \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>≼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;is more foundational than Lewis anticipated, and has precedence over other conditional connectives. Furthermore, we propose four semantics for&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11225_2025_10173_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\preccurlyeq \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>≼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>,&#xa0;some of which were not previously posited by Lewis, and examine the potential for extending&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11225_2025_10173_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\preccurlyeq \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>≼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;to other logics.</p>

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Equivalence of Lewis’ Two Kinds of Conditional Logic Systems

  • Shuquan Huo

摘要

David Lewis employed \({\Box }{\rightarrow }\) and  \(\preccurlyeq \)  as the primitive connectives, respectively, to establish two different kinds of conditional logic systems, which can be demonstrated to be equivalent. Unfortunately, Lewis and his successors relied solely on an intuitive sphere semantic model to ascertain their equivalence, failing to provide a formal proof. A formal clarification of the relationship between these different logical systems is pivotal for intuitively grasping and comprehending them and their interconnections. Hence, the aim of this paper is to provide a rigorous equivalence proof between Lewis’ two kinds of conditional systems: CO and C1, as well as V and VC. Through our proof, we show that the Connex axiom is redundant within System V and give its derivation from the other rules and axioms. This indicates that the connective  \(\preccurlyeq \)  is more foundational than Lewis anticipated, and has precedence over other conditional connectives. Furthermore, we propose four semantics for  \(\preccurlyeq \) , some of which were not previously posited by Lewis, and examine the potential for extending  \(\preccurlyeq \)  to other logics.