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<p>In this study a dual D-shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber based Surface Plasmon Resonance (PCF-SPR) sensor for dual parameters of temperature and Refractive Index (RI) sensing is proposed. The proposed sensor configuration incorporates an asymmetric elliptical air hole lattice to efficiently improve the birefringence and control the polarization mode and dual side polished PCF to create two independent temperature and RI sensing interfaces with strong light-matter interaction. Different materials are investigated for temperature sensing channel including, Au, Au-PMMA and Au-PDMS and for RI sensing channel including, Au, Au-Graphene and Au-WS<sub>2</sub>. Focusing on incorporating these aspects together, three models are designed and numerically analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics. The model with temperature sensing channel coated with Au-PDMS and RI sensing channel coated with Au-WS<sub>2</sub> provides highest sensitivities of 19.3&#xa0;nm/<sup>o</sup>C with resolution of 5.18 × 10<sup>− 3 o</sup>C over temperature range of 25–50&#xa0;°C and 26,450&#xa0;nm/RIU with resolution of 3.78 × 10<sup>− 6</sup> RIU across analyte RI range of 1.38–1.43. However, adding these 2D materials significantly enhances the proposed sensor performance with improved FOM value by factor of 72.41%. The FOM values are estimated to be 1.2&#xa0;°C<sup>−1</sup> and 500 RIU<sup>− 1</sup> for temperature and RI sensing channels respectively. The crosstalk remains between 10.79% and 0.22% for temperature and RI sensing channels respectively, which proves the sensor’s ability for independent dual parameters detection. This high sensitivity and low crosstalk sensor can be regarding as a promising candidate for different applications that require real-time dual parameters sensing such as biosensing applications.</p>

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Simultaneous Sensing of Refractive Index and Temperature Based on Dual D-shaped PCF-SPR Sensor for Water Treatment and Corrosion Monitoring: Plasmonic Materials Comparisons Au/WS2/Graphene/PDMS/PMMA

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Zahraa S. Alshaikhli,
  • Maytham T. Mahdi,
  • Wasan A. Hekmat

摘要

In this study a dual D-shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber based Surface Plasmon Resonance (PCF-SPR) sensor for dual parameters of temperature and Refractive Index (RI) sensing is proposed. The proposed sensor configuration incorporates an asymmetric elliptical air hole lattice to efficiently improve the birefringence and control the polarization mode and dual side polished PCF to create two independent temperature and RI sensing interfaces with strong light-matter interaction. Different materials are investigated for temperature sensing channel including, Au, Au-PMMA and Au-PDMS and for RI sensing channel including, Au, Au-Graphene and Au-WS2. Focusing on incorporating these aspects together, three models are designed and numerically analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics. The model with temperature sensing channel coated with Au-PDMS and RI sensing channel coated with Au-WS2 provides highest sensitivities of 19.3 nm/oC with resolution of 5.18 × 10− 3 oC over temperature range of 25–50 °C and 26,450 nm/RIU with resolution of 3.78 × 10− 6 RIU across analyte RI range of 1.38–1.43. However, adding these 2D materials significantly enhances the proposed sensor performance with improved FOM value by factor of 72.41%. The FOM values are estimated to be 1.2 °C−1 and 500 RIU− 1 for temperature and RI sensing channels respectively. The crosstalk remains between 10.79% and 0.22% for temperature and RI sensing channels respectively, which proves the sensor’s ability for independent dual parameters detection. This high sensitivity and low crosstalk sensor can be regarding as a promising candidate for different applications that require real-time dual parameters sensing such as biosensing applications.