<p>This study presents a compact 3D-printed meander-line antenna optimized using Bayesian optimization for non-invasive bone-tumor sensing. The antenna geometry was optimized by adjusting feed and patch dimensions, rotation angle, and substrate permittivity. A simple multilayer bone-mimicking phantoms with tumor-like inclusions were fabricated to enable controlled and reproducible measurements. Experimental results obtained using PLA, ABS, and resin substrates demonstrate clear material-dependent electromagnetic responses. PLA- and resin-based antennas show noticeable resonance deepening and small frequency down-shifts in the 2–3&#xa0;GHz range in the presence of a tumor inclusion, indicating higher dielectric sensitivity. In contrast, the ABS-based antenna exhibits a more stable resonance behavior near 5.5&#xa0;GHz with smaller amplitude variations, suggesting improved structural stability but lower sensitivity. To model the nonlinear relationship between dielectric loading and antenna response, a pyramidal deep regression network (PDRN) was trained using measured |S11| data. The proposed framework provides a low-cost, data-efficient, and reproducible approach for evaluating tumor-induced electromagnetic perturbations under controlled phantom conditions.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

AI-Assisted 3D-Printed Meander-Line Antenna for Non-Invasive Bone-Tumor Sensing

  • Tarlan Mahouti,
  • Hakan Yilmazer,
  • Mehmet Ali Belen

摘要

This study presents a compact 3D-printed meander-line antenna optimized using Bayesian optimization for non-invasive bone-tumor sensing. The antenna geometry was optimized by adjusting feed and patch dimensions, rotation angle, and substrate permittivity. A simple multilayer bone-mimicking phantoms with tumor-like inclusions were fabricated to enable controlled and reproducible measurements. Experimental results obtained using PLA, ABS, and resin substrates demonstrate clear material-dependent electromagnetic responses. PLA- and resin-based antennas show noticeable resonance deepening and small frequency down-shifts in the 2–3 GHz range in the presence of a tumor inclusion, indicating higher dielectric sensitivity. In contrast, the ABS-based antenna exhibits a more stable resonance behavior near 5.5 GHz with smaller amplitude variations, suggesting improved structural stability but lower sensitivity. To model the nonlinear relationship between dielectric loading and antenna response, a pyramidal deep regression network (PDRN) was trained using measured |S11| data. The proposed framework provides a low-cost, data-efficient, and reproducible approach for evaluating tumor-induced electromagnetic perturbations under controlled phantom conditions.