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<p>High Gain Meta Surface Antenna (MSA) leverage meta-surface technology, which involves using specially engineered materials to manipulate electromagnetic waves. High Gain Meta Surface Antenna can often be designed to be compact and have a low profile. This makes them suitable for integration into small and portable devices, including Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, without significantly increasing the device’s size. In this manuscript, Design of High-Gain Meta-Surface Antenna utilizing optimized Pyramidal Multiscale Network with DenseNet201 in IoT Applications (PMCNN-DSNet-HGMS-IoT is proposed. Initially this paper presents a comprehensive method to design and optimization of metasurface (MS) antenna. The process begins with the meticulous design of the metasurface antenna, followed by the calculation of essential antenna parameters, including bandwidth, return loss, directivity and gain. These parameters are crucial for assessing performance of antenna. Subsequently, an assessment of antenna efficiency is conducted to ensure optimal functionality. The proposed Pyramidal Multiscale Network with DenseNet201 (PMCNN-DSNeT) is used to design the metasurface antenna and applied in IoT application. Generally, PMCNN-DSNeT does not express adapting optimization strategies to determine optimal parameters to ensure exact design. Therefore, it is proposed to utilize the War Strategy optimization algorithm (WSOA) enhancement PMCNNfor design the metasurface antenna.Then the proposed PMCNN-DSNet-HGMS-IoT is implemented and performance metrics such as Bandwidth, Radiation Efficiency, Return Loss, Directivity, Gain. Performance of the PMCNN-DSNet-HGMS-IoT approach attains 17.20%, 25.81% and 32.18% higher Directivity, 16.40%, 28.81% and 30.18% higher Gainwhen analyzed existing like Intelligent metasurfaces depend antenna with pattern and beam configurability for IoT applications (MSA-BR-IoT), Holographic-inspired meta-surfaces exploiting vortex beams for low-interference multi-pair IoT communications (HMS-LIMP-IoT)and metasurface-inspired maintenance-free IoT tags characterized in frequency with time domains (MS-IoT-FTD) respectively.</p>

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Design of High-Gain Meta-surface Antenna Using Optimized Pyramidal Multiscale Network with DenseNet201 in IoT Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Penki Rohit,
  • Amlan Datta,
  • M. Satyanarayana

摘要

High Gain Meta Surface Antenna (MSA) leverage meta-surface technology, which involves using specially engineered materials to manipulate electromagnetic waves. High Gain Meta Surface Antenna can often be designed to be compact and have a low profile. This makes them suitable for integration into small and portable devices, including Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, without significantly increasing the device’s size. In this manuscript, Design of High-Gain Meta-Surface Antenna utilizing optimized Pyramidal Multiscale Network with DenseNet201 in IoT Applications (PMCNN-DSNet-HGMS-IoT is proposed. Initially this paper presents a comprehensive method to design and optimization of metasurface (MS) antenna. The process begins with the meticulous design of the metasurface antenna, followed by the calculation of essential antenna parameters, including bandwidth, return loss, directivity and gain. These parameters are crucial for assessing performance of antenna. Subsequently, an assessment of antenna efficiency is conducted to ensure optimal functionality. The proposed Pyramidal Multiscale Network with DenseNet201 (PMCNN-DSNeT) is used to design the metasurface antenna and applied in IoT application. Generally, PMCNN-DSNeT does not express adapting optimization strategies to determine optimal parameters to ensure exact design. Therefore, it is proposed to utilize the War Strategy optimization algorithm (WSOA) enhancement PMCNNfor design the metasurface antenna.Then the proposed PMCNN-DSNet-HGMS-IoT is implemented and performance metrics such as Bandwidth, Radiation Efficiency, Return Loss, Directivity, Gain. Performance of the PMCNN-DSNet-HGMS-IoT approach attains 17.20%, 25.81% and 32.18% higher Directivity, 16.40%, 28.81% and 30.18% higher Gainwhen analyzed existing like Intelligent metasurfaces depend antenna with pattern and beam configurability for IoT applications (MSA-BR-IoT), Holographic-inspired meta-surfaces exploiting vortex beams for low-interference multi-pair IoT communications (HMS-LIMP-IoT)and metasurface-inspired maintenance-free IoT tags characterized in frequency with time domains (MS-IoT-FTD) respectively.