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<p>Nowadays, the research and development of wearable, label-free biosensors for human health monitoring have experienced rapid growth in recent years, driven by the need to develop high-performing methods capable of detecting and quantifying low concentrations of specific molecules across various fields. Among the proposed sensing technologies, photonic crystal (PhC)-based biosensors have attracted significant attention due to their inherent advantages, including compactness, high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we propose and simulate a novel two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D-PhC) biosensor based on refractive index changes of the analyte for the early detection of brain cancer. The proposed design is simulated using Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) method and Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) algorithm implemented in the RSoft software package. Numerical simulations reveal that the biosensor achieves an impressive sensitivity of 670&#xa0;nm/RIU, a high-quality factor (Q-factor) of up to 10<sup>6</sup>, an ultra-high figure of merit (FoM) of 10<sup>6</sup> RIU<sup>–1</sup>, and an incredible detection limit of 10<sup>–8</sup> RIU for a specific sensor-array arrangement within the wavelength range of 1.330–2.189&#xa0;μm. The combination of high performance and a simple design makes this biosensor a promising candidate for the early detection of brain cancer. The comportment of the designed sensor is analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method from the RSoft software package.</p>

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A Highly Sensitive 2D Photonic Crystal-Based Refractive Index Biosensor for Early Brain Cancer Detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月25日

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  • Hadjira Tayoub,
  • Ahlam Harhouz,
  • Abdesselam Hocini,
  • Bouguerra Yaaqoub,
  • Zouaoui Faiz

摘要

Nowadays, the research and development of wearable, label-free biosensors for human health monitoring have experienced rapid growth in recent years, driven by the need to develop high-performing methods capable of detecting and quantifying low concentrations of specific molecules across various fields. Among the proposed sensing technologies, photonic crystal (PhC)-based biosensors have attracted significant attention due to their inherent advantages, including compactness, high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we propose and simulate a novel two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D-PhC) biosensor based on refractive index changes of the analyte for the early detection of brain cancer. The proposed design is simulated using Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) method and Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) algorithm implemented in the RSoft software package. Numerical simulations reveal that the biosensor achieves an impressive sensitivity of 670 nm/RIU, a high-quality factor (Q-factor) of up to 106, an ultra-high figure of merit (FoM) of 106 RIU–1, and an incredible detection limit of 10–8 RIU for a specific sensor-array arrangement within the wavelength range of 1.330–2.189 μm. The combination of high performance and a simple design makes this biosensor a promising candidate for the early detection of brain cancer. The comportment of the designed sensor is analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method from the RSoft software package.