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<p>The advancement of wearable sensors is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling non-invasive monitoring and continuous tracking of vital signs for personalized health management, shifting healthcare from the hospital-centered model into a patient-centric approach. Previously, sensor development has been hindered by high costs, complex fabrication processes, and e-waste generation. This study presents a cost-effective and scalable fabric-based interdigitated capacitive (IDC) sensor for pressure measurement and real-time breath rate assessment. The fabrication process used the shadow masking technique, which enabled easy reproducibility. The conductive ink utilized in the fabrication process was derived from discarded dry-cell batteries, contributing to e-waste reduction and promoting environmental sustainability. The resulting IDC sensor provides a rapid response rate (~ 0.1 ms), excellent linearity (0.98), negligible hysteresis loss, and 0.476 pF/kPa sensitivity. Furthermore, when integrated into a wearable belt, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity in detecting subtle thoracic and abdominal movements associated with respiration, irrespective of placement on male or female subjects. A Python GUI (color-coded feedback) and Bluetooth-connected mobile app achieved real-time breath rate monitoring. Therefore, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity for prolonged use, achieving accurate breath rate measurement while maintaining cost-effectiveness and scalability, paving the way for personalized respiratory management.</p>

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E-waste Driven Interdigitated Capacitive Wearable Sensor for Breath Rate Monitoring Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月18日

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  • Anoosha Tahir,
  • Nida Iqbal,
  • Fareeha Afzal,
  • Junaid Saddiqi,
  • Zainab Liaqat,
  • Muhammad Naveed Yasir,
  • Muhammad Qasim Mehmood

摘要

The advancement of wearable sensors is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling non-invasive monitoring and continuous tracking of vital signs for personalized health management, shifting healthcare from the hospital-centered model into a patient-centric approach. Previously, sensor development has been hindered by high costs, complex fabrication processes, and e-waste generation. This study presents a cost-effective and scalable fabric-based interdigitated capacitive (IDC) sensor for pressure measurement and real-time breath rate assessment. The fabrication process used the shadow masking technique, which enabled easy reproducibility. The conductive ink utilized in the fabrication process was derived from discarded dry-cell batteries, contributing to e-waste reduction and promoting environmental sustainability. The resulting IDC sensor provides a rapid response rate (~ 0.1 ms), excellent linearity (0.98), negligible hysteresis loss, and 0.476 pF/kPa sensitivity. Furthermore, when integrated into a wearable belt, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity in detecting subtle thoracic and abdominal movements associated with respiration, irrespective of placement on male or female subjects. A Python GUI (color-coded feedback) and Bluetooth-connected mobile app achieved real-time breath rate monitoring. Therefore, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity for prolonged use, achieving accurate breath rate measurement while maintaining cost-effectiveness and scalability, paving the way for personalized respiratory management.