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<p>We present design of a highly sensitive biosensor based on L3 cavity created on a 2D photonic crystal (PC). The proposed design consists of a 17 × 15 air hole array embedded on a silicon slab of refractive index (RI) 3.46. The structure is composed of a L3 cavity created between two (BUS and DROP) defect waveguides. The proposed biosensor detects bio-material with the help of shift in resonant wavelength caused by the change in the refractive index when a bio-material gets into the sensing holes. The high sensitivity of the proposed sensor allows for the detection/analysis of brain tissues which RI ranges from 1 to 1.4833 Refractive Index Units (RIU) with high accuracy and also other biological samples. Simulations using advanced methods, e.g., Plane Wave Expansion Method (PWEM) and 2D Finite Difference Time Domain Method (FDTD) reveal outstanding performance metrics. The biosensor exhibits a high-quality factor of 5180, a spectral width of 0.3&#xa0;nm, and an ultra-compact footprint of 29&#xa0;μm<sup>2</sup>. Additionally, it demonstrates a high figure of merit of 1500 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, a low detection limit of 6.6 × 10<sup>−5</sup> RIU, and a maximum sensitivity of 450&#xa0;nm/RIU. The proposed design supports two distinct wavelength ranges in TM polarization: 700–1400&#xa0;nm (near-infrared) and 1400–3000&#xa0;nm (short-wave infrared). This dual-range capability ensures compatibility with various available sources. These exceptional features make our proposed biosensor an ideal candidate for detecting blood-related diseases with high accuracy and sensitivity.</p>

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Ultra-Compact and Highly Sensitive 2D Photonic Crystal L3 Cavity Biosensor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月8日

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  • Puja Sharma,
  • Sarang Medhekar

摘要

We present design of a highly sensitive biosensor based on L3 cavity created on a 2D photonic crystal (PC). The proposed design consists of a 17 × 15 air hole array embedded on a silicon slab of refractive index (RI) 3.46. The structure is composed of a L3 cavity created between two (BUS and DROP) defect waveguides. The proposed biosensor detects bio-material with the help of shift in resonant wavelength caused by the change in the refractive index when a bio-material gets into the sensing holes. The high sensitivity of the proposed sensor allows for the detection/analysis of brain tissues which RI ranges from 1 to 1.4833 Refractive Index Units (RIU) with high accuracy and also other biological samples. Simulations using advanced methods, e.g., Plane Wave Expansion Method (PWEM) and 2D Finite Difference Time Domain Method (FDTD) reveal outstanding performance metrics. The biosensor exhibits a high-quality factor of 5180, a spectral width of 0.3 nm, and an ultra-compact footprint of 29 μm2. Additionally, it demonstrates a high figure of merit of 1500 RIU−1, a low detection limit of 6.6 × 10−5 RIU, and a maximum sensitivity of 450 nm/RIU. The proposed design supports two distinct wavelength ranges in TM polarization: 700–1400 nm (near-infrared) and 1400–3000 nm (short-wave infrared). This dual-range capability ensures compatibility with various available sources. These exceptional features make our proposed biosensor an ideal candidate for detecting blood-related diseases with high accuracy and sensitivity.