A detailed analysis of the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensor for the detection of gaseous analytes within the detection range (1 \(-\) 1.04) RIU was carried out. The proposed sensor is composed of a multilayer structure of prism, plasmonic metal, and 2D materials. The impact of different prisms (KF, LiF, SF-11, BK-7), metals (silver, copper, gold, aluminum), and a heterostructured layer of graphene, black phosphorous, \(MoS_{2}\) demonstrated to achieve high-performance gas sensor. To achieve minimum reflectance and large shift, thickness optimization of each layer was carried out. A transfer matrix method for the N-Layer model with an angular interrogation method was used for the simulation at 633 nm wavelength. Field intensity demonstrates that the addition of each 2D layer plays an important role in the enhancement of the performance of the sensor. The sensitivity (S) and Figure of Merit (FOM) of the proposed sensor were obtained at 236.64°/RIU, and 24.5 \(RIU^{-1}\) respectively.
