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<p>The Negative Ions at the Lunar Surface (NILS) instrument is a compact mass resolving negative ion and electron analyser flown on the Chinese Chang’E-6 mission to the Moon. NILS measures negative ions and electrons in the energy range of 3 eV/q to 3 keV/q with a mass resolution m<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11214_2025_1162_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$/\Delta $</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>m of about 2. The mass resolution is sufficient to separate charge-converted solar wind protons and sputtered negatively charged atoms form the surface. An electro-magnetic electron suppression system allows to switch between electron and ion measurements. The fan-shaped field of view is divided into 16 discrete angular pixels that are scanned sequentially. For each viewing direction, an electron and an ion energy spectrum is acquired in 4.06&#xa0;s. NILS has a mass of 919&#xa0;g, excluding cables and multi-layer insulation. Power consumption is on average 2.7&#xa0;W during nominal operations.</p>

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The Negative Ions at the Lunar Surface (NILS) Instrument on the Chang’E-6 Mission

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月14日

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  • Romain Canu-Blot,
  • Martin Wieser,
  • Maté Kérényi,
  • Stas Barabash,
  • Xiao-Dong Wang,
  • Thomas Maynadié,
  • Aibing Zhang,
  • Wenjing Wang,
  • Neil Melville,
  • Qiong Wang,
  • Yongliao Zou,
  • Hao Dou,
  • Hanyou Zhu,
  • Vesa Alatalo,
  • Andreas Edström,
  • Leif Kalla,
  • Stefan Karlsson,
  • Magnus Oja,
  • Jonas Olsen,
  • Joakim Peterson,
  • Daniel Stålnacke,
  • David Upton

摘要

The Negative Ions at the Lunar Surface (NILS) instrument is a compact mass resolving negative ion and electron analyser flown on the Chinese Chang’E-6 mission to the Moon. NILS measures negative ions and electrons in the energy range of 3 eV/q to 3 keV/q with a mass resolution m / Δ $/\Delta $ m of about 2. The mass resolution is sufficient to separate charge-converted solar wind protons and sputtered negatively charged atoms form the surface. An electro-magnetic electron suppression system allows to switch between electron and ion measurements. The fan-shaped field of view is divided into 16 discrete angular pixels that are scanned sequentially. For each viewing direction, an electron and an ion energy spectrum is acquired in 4.06 s. NILS has a mass of 919 g, excluding cables and multi-layer insulation. Power consumption is on average 2.7 W during nominal operations.