<p>This article presents a study of Mariology in the thought of two women from the Orthodox Christian dissent in the late USSR: Zoia Krakhmal’nikova and Tat’iana Goricheva. Examining their trajectories toward Christianity under state socialism and their underground publications, it investigates how they reappropriated the figure of the Mother of God to envision new models of women’s roles and, ultimately, to articulate a broader response to what they perceived as Russia’s national impasse. Both women turned to the Bogoroditsa in their activism, drawing on Russia’s tradition of Marian devotion, yet their engagements with Mariology followed distinct paths. Krakhmal’nikova’s approach, deeply rooted in textual tradition and inspired by the figure of Mother Maria Skobtsova, centered on the idea of “comprehensive motherhood.” Goricheva’s, by contrast, was more personal and experimental: for her, the Mother of God became both a source of personal transformation as a woman and a universal model of ideal womanhood in the late Soviet Union. The article concludes by tracing later developments in their respective Mariologies as these evolved or were reappropriated in the post-Soviet context.</p>