<p>The article examines the consistent and systematic analysis and interpretation by the prominent Polish literary historian and thinker Marian Zdziechowski of the writings of Vladimir Solovyov, Nikolai Berdyaev, and other Russian religious philosophers. The study demonstrates how Zdziechowski’s texts shaped his own understanding of a fundamental aspect of Russian religious–philosophical thought. By concentrating on Zdziechowski’s intellectual legacy and its reflection of Russian religious philosophy, the article deliberately brackets the sociohistorical context that largely conditioned the views of both Polish and Russian thinkers. Clarifying the dependence of views colored by ethnic definitions (“Polish soul,” “Russian soul,” “Slavic soul,” and the like) on social and political circumstances and, in particular, on the peculiarities of nation building, requires a separate extensive study. Zdechowski’s close, long-standing engagement with Russian religious–philosophical thought led him to identify its main feature: the irresistible and absolute opposition of the heavenly, and the earthly, the absolute perfection of the Christian ideal and the sinful malignancy of reality. However, with a predisposition to dualism, Russian religious thought does not equalize the power of the two opposing principles and naturally comes to semidualism and apocalypticism: the sinful world, lying in evil, must perish.</p>