<p>China’s ongoing massive rural-to-urban migration has created a significant area of research with profound implications for public health and policy. Utilizing data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey, this study employs linear probability and discrete regression models, combined with mediation effect models to examine the relationship between employment status and migrant health. The results demonstrate that employment significantly improves the health of migrants, with this causal effect being mediated through factors such as stable social networks and increased income levels. Significant heterogeneity is observed among migrant groups, especially among younger and less experienced migrants whose health is more susceptible to their employment status. Further analysis reveals that access to local healthcare services is a determining factor in the health outcomes of migrants.</p>